四川盆周山地暖季單站暴雨事件的精細特征

doi:10.12306/2023jms.0023

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四川盆周山地暖季單站暴雨事件的精細特征
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                        10.12306/2023jms.0023
                    
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中圖分類號:P467
基金項目:國家自然科學基金資助項目(42175002;42075013;41975058);四川省自然科學基金資助項目(2023NSFSC0242)

Fine characteristics of single station rainstorm events in warm season in mountain areas around Sichuan Basin

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利用四川省2010—2019年2 165個氣象站逐小時降水資料,分區(qū)統(tǒng)計了四川盆周山地暖季(5—9月)單站暴雨事件的精細特征。結果表明:(1)四川省單站暴雨事件頻數(shù)在川西山地與川西南山地呈密集的帶狀分布。川西與川西南山地通常在降水開始不久就達到雨量最大值,而川東北山地的峰值時間集中在暴雨事件中段。(2)盆周山地的暴雨系統(tǒng)整體呈自南向北由前半夜向后半夜傳播的特征。川西南山地和川東北山地的暴雨系統(tǒng)分別呈現(xiàn)較弱的自南向北和自西向東傳播,而川西山地的暴雨系統(tǒng)則存在明顯的自西向東的傳播特征。(3)長歷時暴雨事件的峰值出現(xiàn)時間略落后于短歷時暴雨事件。暴雨持續(xù)時間在空間上存在顯著的經(jīng)向差異,大值區(qū)主要位于川西山地和川東北山地一帶,暴雨雨量、頻次和峰值基本不隨持續(xù)時間變化,但川西南山地的暴雨峰值則隨持續(xù)時間的加長而推遲。(4)在四川省大部區(qū)域,單站暴雨事件的降水量、頻次和強度均表現(xiàn)出隨海拔高度升高而減小的特征。在成都平原西南部、東部以及川東北山地,夜間暴雨事件持續(xù)時間越長,降水量和頻次在較高海拔越易出現(xiàn)最大值。

Abstract:

Based on the hourly precipitation data of 2 165 meteorological stations in Sichuan Province from 2010 to 2019, the fine characteristics of single station rainstorm events in the warm season (May-September) of the mountainous areas around Sichuan Basin were statistically analyzed. Results show that: (1) the frequency of single station rainstorm events in Sichuan Province is densely distributed in the mountainous areas of western and southwestern Sichuan. The western and southwestern mountains of Sichuan usually reach the maximum rainfall shortly after the beginning of rainfall, while the peak time of the northeastern mountains of Sichuan is concentrated in the middle of rainstorm events. (2) The rainstorm system in the mountain area around the basin presents the characteristics of propagation from south to north from early mid-night to late mid-night. The torrential rain systems in the mountains of southwest and northeast Sichuan show weak propagation from south to north and from west to east respectively, while the torrential rain systems in the mountains of West Sichuan show obvious propagation from west to east. (3) The peak time of long-duration rainstorm events is slightly behind that of short-duration rainstorm events. There is a significant meridional difference in the duration of torrential rain in space. The large value area is mainly located in the western and northeastern Sichuan mountains. The peak value of torrential rain amount and frequency does not change with the duration, but the peak value of torrential rain in southwestern Sichuan is delayed with the increase of duration. (4) In most areas of Sichuan Province, the precipitation, frequency and intensity of single station rainstorm events show the characteristics of decreasing with the increase of altitude. In the southwest of Chengdu Plain, the east of Chengdu Plain and the mountains of northeast Sichuan, the longer the duration of nighttime rainstorm events is, the more favorable it is for precipitation and frequency to reach the maximum at higher altitude.

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周芳弛,李國平.四川盆周山地暖季單站暴雨事件的精細特征.氣象科學,2024,44(3):431-441 ZHOU Fangchi, LI Guoping. Fine characteristics of single station rainstorm events in warm season in mountain areas around Sichuan Basin. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2024,44(3):431-441

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收稿日期:2022-12-02
最后修改日期:2023-03-08
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-07-16
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