一次梅雨鋒上MCS云微物理過(guò)程及降水形成機(jī)制

doi:10.3969/2012jms.00**

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一次梅雨鋒上MCS云微物理過(guò)程及降水形成機(jī)制
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                        10.3969/2012jms.00**
                    
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中圖分類號(hào):P426.51
基金項(xiàng)目:“十一五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目（2006BAC12B00-01-06）；國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(40705020)

Study on cloud micro-physical processes and precipitation formative mechanisms of a mesoscale convective system in Meiyu front in June 2004

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選取2004年6月23日一次梅雨鋒MCS暴雨過(guò)程，在天氣分析的基礎(chǔ)上，利用非靜力中尺度模式MM5(V36)進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬。對(duì)于可分辨尺度的降水，采用Reisner霰顯式方案，對(duì)云內(nèi)微物理過(guò)程特別是對(duì)各種水成物的源項(xiàng)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析。結(jié)果表明：冷云過(guò)程是此次降水的主要云物理過(guò)程。云中以霰和雪為主要的降水元，尤其霰的作用最大。在強(qiáng)降水時(shí)段，雨水的主要源項(xiàng)都與霰有關(guān)，霰的生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中冰相粒子與過(guò)冷水的碰并以及霰的凝華過(guò)程最為重要。零度層上方存在著豐富的過(guò)冷水，最大的云水含量中心也在過(guò)冷層中。在過(guò)冷層中冰相粒子主要通過(guò)凝華過(guò)程和碰并過(guò)程增長(zhǎng)，MCS發(fā)展強(qiáng)盛期冰晶與過(guò)冷水的碰并增長(zhǎng)要大于液水的蒸凝過(guò)程的增長(zhǎng)。最后給出了本次梅雨鋒上MCS降水云系的三層云結(jié)構(gòu)及微物理過(guò)程模型。

Abstract:

A rainstorm process occurred on 23 June 2004 is selected to get further comprehension of the cloud physical processes and precipitation mechanisms of the mesoscale convective system(MCS) in Meiyu front. Numerical simulation of this weather process is carried out using the nonhydrostatic mesoscale model MM5(V36) on the basis of synoptic analysis. The nonconvective precipitations are calculated by using the Reisner graupel explicit scheme. Cloud microphysical processes, especially the source terms of hydrometeors, are analyzed in detail. It is demonstrated that the cold cloud process is the primary cloud physical process, and the graupel and snow are the primary precipitation elements in the clouds. During the heavy rainfall hours, the leading source terms of rain water are all related to the graupel. 〖JP2〗The most important factors in the course of the growing of graupel are the coalescence of the ice phase particles and supercooled water and the condensation of the graupel. It is shown that plenty of supercooled water exists over the 0 ℃ level and the biggest cloud water center is also at this supercooling level. Ice phase particles grow by means of the Bergeron and coalescence process at the supercooling level . The coalescence of the ice crystal and supercooled water during the intensive developing of MCS is much more important than that of the evaporation and deposition process of liquid water. The three-level cloud structure and the microphysical process model of the MCS precipitation system in the Meiyu front is presented finally.

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張云,雷恒池,潘曉濱,王春明,解妍瓊.一次梅雨鋒上MCS云微物理過(guò)程及降水形成機(jī)制.氣象科學(xué),2009,(4):434-446 Zhang Yun, Lei Hengchi, Pan Xiaobin, Wang Chunming, Xie Yanqiong. Study on cloud micro-physical processes and precipitation formative mechanisms of a mesoscale convective system in Meiyu front in June 2004. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2009,(4):434-446

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