影響廣西的三次寒潮過程對比研究

doi:10.3969/2012jms.00**

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影響廣西的三次寒潮過程對比研究
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                        10.3969/2012jms.00**
                    
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中圖分類號(hào):P458.122
基金項(xiàng)目:廣西科學(xué)技術(shù)廳項(xiàng)目 (桂科自0728076)；廣西氣象局重點(diǎn)攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目（200902）

Comparative analysis of three cold wave processes in Guangxi

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利用NCEP資料、常規(guī)地面資料、探空資料對2008—2009年影響廣西的三次寒潮過程的強(qiáng)度、影響以及水汽、動(dòng)力、熱力機(jī)制進(jìn)行對比分析。研究表明：寒潮的強(qiáng)弱與極渦偏心于東亞的早晚和倒Ω流型有關(guān)。500 hPa橫槽轉(zhuǎn)豎造成的降溫比橫槽南壓和小槽東移更強(qiáng)烈。導(dǎo)致2008年12月寒潮天氣的500 hPa形勢為橫槽轉(zhuǎn)豎型，出現(xiàn)雨夾雪天氣，但天氣較快轉(zhuǎn)晴；導(dǎo)致2008年1月寒潮過程的500 hPa形勢為橫槽南壓型，寒潮過后依然有冷空氣不斷補(bǔ)充，帶來長期的低溫冰凍天氣；2009年2月寒潮過程為小槽東移型，盡管降溫不強(qiáng)，但由于南支槽發(fā)展，水汽供應(yīng)充分，導(dǎo)致長期的陰雨天氣。ω方程分析表明：2008年12月寒潮雨夾雪過程上升運(yùn)動(dòng)主要由500與850 hPa正渦度差引起，2009年2月寒潮小雨過程，上升運(yùn)動(dòng)主要由850 hPa暖平流上升運(yùn)動(dòng)引起。

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Based on the NCEP, routine surface observation and sounding data, three cold waves occurred in 2008—2009 in Guangxi are comparatively analysed in respect to intensity, influence, vapor, dynamic and thermodynamic mechanism. The results show that the cold waves intensity is related to the later or sooner appearance of polar vertex which is off-center against East Asia and the inverted Ω flow pattern. The temperature decrease caused by the 500 hPa horizontal trough turning to longitudinal style was more intense than that caused by the horizontal trough moving southward style and the small trough moving eastward. The cold wave in December of 2008 belonged to the 500 hPa horizontal trough turning to longitudinal, sleeting appeared, but it turned clear quickly. The cold wave in January of 2008 belonged to the horizontal trough moving southward. After the cold wave there still were cold air supply to the south, so it led to long term low temperature and frost weather. The cold wave in February of 2009 belonged to the small trough moving eastward. Even through the temperature decrease wasnt stronger than the others, but the Indian-Myanmar trough developed, the water vapor supply was enough to sustain long term raining weather. The quasi-geostrophic Omega equation analysis showed that the upward vertical motion of the cold wave with sheeting in December of 2008 was caused by the positive differential vorticity advection between 500 hPa and 850 hPa. The upward vertical motion of the cold wave with raining in February of 2009 was caused by the 850hPa warm advection moving upward.

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李向紅,廖幕科,熊英明,鄭傳新,周文志.影響廣西的三次寒潮過程對比研究.氣象科學(xué),2011,(2):228-235 LI Xianghong, LIAO Muke, XIONG Yingming, ZHENG Chuanxin, ZHOU Wenzhi. Comparative analysis of three cold wave processes in Guangxi. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2011,(2):228-235

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