2009年秋季南京地區(qū)一次持續(xù)性灰霾天氣過(guò)程研究

doi:10.3969/2012jms.0079

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2009年秋季南京地區(qū)一次持續(xù)性灰霾天氣過(guò)程研究
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                        10.3969/2012jms.0079
                    
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基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(2010CB428503,2011CB403406);科技部公益行業(yè)(氣象)科研專項(xiàng)(GYHY200806001-1);中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金

Study on a continuous haze weather event during autumn of 2009 in Nanjing

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摘要:

2009年10月14—27日,南京地區(qū)發(fā)生了一次持續(xù)性的灰霾天氣過(guò)程。利用氣象觀測(cè)資料和污染物濃度監(jiān)測(cè)資料,結(jié)合焚燒點(diǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)、后向氣流軌跡模擬,分析了顆粒物和氣態(tài)污染物的濃度演變特征、氣象要素特征及產(chǎn)生持續(xù)灰霾天氣的可能原因。研究表明,該次過(guò)程中絕大部分時(shí)間能見(jiàn)度低于10 km,空氣污染指數(shù)最大時(shí)達(dá)到195。地面PM_2.5質(zhì)量濃度有顯著增長(zhǎng),在26日達(dá)到最大值為0.782 mg/m³。NO₂質(zhì)量濃度日均值在24日和27日超過(guò)了環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量二級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),其含量分別為0.094和0.099 mg/m³,對(duì)應(yīng)NO_x質(zhì)量濃度分別為0.105和0.108 mg/m³。SO₂質(zhì)量濃度在22日達(dá)到峰值,最大值為0.161 mg/m³,平均值為0.083 mg/m³,低于環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量二級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。分析顯示:近半個(gè)月內(nèi)南京地區(qū)天氣形勢(shì)穩(wěn)定,處于持續(xù)溫度偏高、干燥無(wú)雨的狀態(tài),非常有利于灰霾天氣的發(fā)生。衛(wèi)星監(jiān)測(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn) 24、25、26日江淮之間中部均有火點(diǎn),其中24日有50個(gè)著火點(diǎn),25日增加為85個(gè),26日減少為38個(gè),表明有秸稈焚燒現(xiàn)象存在。從后向氣流軌跡分析來(lái)看,在秸稈焚燒最為嚴(yán)重的3 d內(nèi),南京地區(qū)主要受到來(lái)自東到東北方向氣流的影響,有利于秸稈焚燒形成的污染物經(jīng)氣流輸送影響南京,造成嚴(yán)重灰霾天氣。

Abstract:

A continuous haze weather event occurred in Nanjing from 14 to 27 October, 2009. Gaseous air pollutants and particulate matter were measured in order to investigate the variation of gas pollutants. Meteorological data, fire spot data as well as backward trajectory analysis were used to identify the cause of the haze weather event. Investigations showed that the visibility was less than 10km during most time of the event. The maximum of air pollution index (API) was 195, and there was a significant increasing in surface PM_2.5 concentration with the maximum of 0.782 mg/m³ on October 26. Daily concentrations of NO₂ exceeded the ambient air quality standards on October 24 and 27 with the value of 0.094 and 0.099 mg/m³. NO_x were 0.105 and 0.108 mg/m³ respectively during the two days. SO₂ concentration was 0.083 mg/m³ with the maximum of 0.161 mg/m³, which was lower compared to the ambient air quality standard. Furthermore, the atmosphere was more stable in Nanjing, the weather was continuous dry and temperature was higher during half a month. Satellite monitoring data showed that there were 50, 85, 38 fire burning points on October 24, 25, and 26, respectively, suggesting the influence of biomass burning on the occurrence of event. Backward trajectory analysis indicated that the air mass mainly originated from east and northeast, which passed through the region with the air pollutants from biomass burning, leading to the heavy haze in the last several days.

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高岑,王體健,吳建軍,費(fèi)啟,曹璐.2009年秋季南京地區(qū)一次持續(xù)性灰霾天氣過(guò)程研究.氣象科學(xué),2012,32(3):246-252 GAO Cen, WANG Tijian, WU Jianjun, FEI Qili, CAO Lu. Study on a continuous haze weather event during autumn of 2009 in Nanjing. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2012,32(3):246-252

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收稿日期:2011-09-15
最后修改日期:2011-12-17
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2012-06-15
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