陜西一次遠距離臺風持續(xù)性暴雨的成因分析

doi:10.3969/2012jms.0051

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陜西一次遠距離臺風持續(xù)性暴雨的成因分析
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                        10.3969/2012jms.0051
                    
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基金項目:中國氣象局2011年預報員專項基金(CMAYBY2011-050)

Mechanism analysis of a far distant typhoon and persistent heavy rain process in Shaanxi province

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利用MICAPS實況觀測、衛(wèi)星云圖T_BB、地面氣象自動觀測資料,對2010年7月16—18日陜西一次持續(xù)性暴雨天氣過程進行診斷分析,結果表明:500 hPa大陸高壓,副熱帶高壓穩(wěn)定維持使得兩高之間低值系統穩(wěn)定少動,寬廣的低壓底部不斷有短波槽攜帶冷空氣東移南下,與兩高之間的低值區(qū)合并,Conson臺風在登陸和減弱的過程中在南海及附近地區(qū)維持較長的時間,低層從臺風東側至陜西建立了溫濕能通量的能量輸送通道,把臺風東側的溫濕能沿副熱帶高壓外圍偏南風向陜西輸送,暴雨位于低層溫濕能等值線密集處;條件性對稱不穩(wěn)定與對流不穩(wěn)定是此次暴雨發(fā)展與維持的重要機制,高層濕位渦大值區(qū)向下伸展,對暴雨起到增幅的作用。暴雨產生在地面濕靜力溫度線密集區(qū)略偏向于高能中心一側。

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By using routine observational, satellites and surface automatic observational data,far distant typhoon and heaviest rainfall process of Shaanxi in 2010 were analyzed. The conclusions are as follows. Low-pressure system between 500 hPa mainland high pressure and subtropical high pressure maintained stably and the short-wave cold troughs at the broad bottom of low-pressure moved continuously to south, and merged into low-pressure system situated between two high-pressure; furthermore, typhoon "Conson" located in the South China Sea for long time and the southerly jet near the center of typhoon extended northwardly and arrived at Shaanxi through the ridge line of the subtropical high over western Pacific, which caused persistent heavy rain in Shaanxi province. The transportation channels of water vapor and enthalpy at 850 hPa between the typhoon and Shaanxi was established and the warmer and wetter atmosphere was carried toward Shaanxi continuously. Heavy rains occurred in the overlapped area of upward motion, which locates in two circulations, and in dense belt line of enthalpy at 850 hPa. Convective instability and conditional symmetric instability are the important mechanism for development and maintenance of heavy rains. When big value area of moist potential vorticity at high level spreads downward, heavy rains become stronger. Heavy rains fall in dense belt of moist static temperature line, and they are slightly biased towards high-energy center side.

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郭大梅,劉瑞芳,侯建忠,李萍.陜西一次遠距離臺風持續(xù)性暴雨的成因分析.氣象科學,2012,32(3):325-331 GUO Damei, LIU Ruifang, HOU Jianzhong, LI Ping. Mechanism analysis of a far distant typhoon and persistent heavy rain process in Shaanxi province. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2012,32(3):325-331

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收稿日期:2011-05-03
最后修改日期:2011-07-10
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2012-06-15
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