近50 a華北平原日照時數(shù)的時空特征及其影響因素

doi:10.3969/2012jms.0111

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近50 a華北平原日照時數(shù)的時空特征及其影響因素
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                        10.3969/2012jms.0111
                    
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基金項目:浙江省科技廳重點農(nóng)業(yè)項目(2011C22082)

Temporal and spatial variations of sunshine duration and its influence factors in the north China plain in recent 50 years

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利用1961—2010年華北平原50個站日照、降水、云量、風速和視程障礙日數(shù)等資料,采用線性傾向率、聚類分析和突變檢測等方法,研究了華北平原年、季、月日照時數(shù)的時空特征及其成因。結(jié)果表明,華北平原年、季、月日照時數(shù)空間分布均呈北多南少的分布形式,春季最多,其次為夏、秋與冬季。近50a華北平原年日照時數(shù)普遍顯著減少,區(qū)域平均減幅為93.4 h/10a,為同期全國平均(-45.9 h/10a)的兩倍多,明顯的年代際轉(zhuǎn)折發(fā)生在1980s中后期。年日照時數(shù)異常偏多和偏少分別出現(xiàn)在1965年和2003年。四季日照時數(shù)也都明顯減少,沒有一個季節(jié)、一個測站的日照時數(shù)有明顯的正趨勢變化,夏季減幅最大也最明顯,其次依次是冬、秋和春季。近30a年及夏、秋兩季日照時數(shù)減幅增大,而冬、春兩季減幅略縮小。大氣透明度下降和平均風速減小是造成華北平原日照減少的主要原因,此外,在不同地區(qū)云量的作用也不盡相同。

Abstract:

Based on the data such as sunshine duration, rainfall, cloudiness, mean wind speed, and day numbers of vision obstruction of 50 stations in the north China plain during 1961—2010 with modern statistical diagnostic methods such as linear trend analysis, cluster analysis, and abrupt detection, the temporal/spatial features and cause of yearly, seasonal, and monthly sunshine duration in the north China plain were investigated in this paper. The results showed that the spatial distribution of yearly, seasonal, and monthly sunshine duration in the north of the north China plain was more than that in the south of the plain. The yearly sunshine duration was 1910.6-2982.9 h, and the maximum was in spring, and next in summer, autumn, and winter. The yearly sunshine duration in the north China plain in the recent 50 a was obviously reduced(93.4 h/10a), the reduction was over 2 times more than that of the national average(-45.9 h/10a) at the same period. The significant decadal change was in the middle/late 1980s. The yearly sunshine duration was extremely excessive in 1965,and extremely deficient in 2003. Meanwhile the seasonal sunshine duration was also obviously declined, but it did not show an obviously positive trend in a single season at a single station. The maximum reduction was in summer, and next in winter, autumn, and spring. The reduction rate of the seasonal sunshine duration in summer and autumn in recent 30 a was found to increase, but it reduced slightly in winter and spring. The reduction of the sunshine duration in the north China plain might be ascribed to the decline of the atmospheric transparency and the reduction of the mean wind speed. Moreover the effect of the cloudiness in different regions was different.

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陳紅梅,張立波,婁偉平.近50 a華北平原日照時數(shù)的時空特征及其影響因素.氣象科學,2012,32(5):573-579 CHEN Hongmei, ZHANG Libo, LOU Weiping. Temporal and spatial variations of sunshine duration and its influence factors in the north China plain in recent 50 years. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2012,32(5):573-579

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收稿日期:2011-09-04
最后修改日期:2012-03-03
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2012-10-24
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