東北夏季極端低溫的變化特征及其與太平洋海溫異常的關(guān)系

doi:10.3969/2012jms.0109

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東北夏季極端低溫的變化特征及其與太平洋海溫異常的關(guān)系
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                        10.3969/2012jms.0109
                    
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基金項(xiàng)目:公益性行業(yè)(氣象)科研專項(xiàng)(GYHY201006020);國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(40975024)

Spatial-temporal variations of summer extreme low temperature in northeast China and its relationship with SST anomaly over the Pacific

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利用1958—2007年全球海溫、位勢(shì)高度月平均資料和中國(guó)東北地區(qū)64個(gè)測(cè)站的夏季地面氣溫等資料,分析了中國(guó)東北地區(qū)夏季極端低溫的時(shí)空變化特征,及其與大氣環(huán)流和海溫異常之間的關(guān)系,研究結(jié)果如下:(1)近50a來中國(guó)東北夏季極端低溫事件頻數(shù)在年際變化的時(shí)間尺度上主要存在兩種模態(tài):全區(qū)一致變化型和南北反相變化型;(2)東北夏季極端低溫頻數(shù)與烏拉爾山高壓,東亞大槽,阿留申低壓,東北冷渦密切相關(guān);(3)東北夏季極端低溫與赤道東太平洋海溫存在遙相關(guān)關(guān)系。在1990s初期以前,在E1 Nino發(fā)生年或翌年基本都對(duì)應(yīng)東北夏季極端低溫年,但1990s初期開始,El Nino發(fā)生年與東北地區(qū)夏季極端低溫的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系遭到破壞;(4)東北夏季極端低溫事件頻數(shù)的年際變化與西太平洋暖池海溫異常密切相關(guān)。進(jìn)一步研究表明西太平洋暖池海溫異常會(huì)影響東北地區(qū)上空的環(huán)流,致使東北夏季極端低溫異常。

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By using the data set of the mean monthly global sea surface temperature and geopotential height fields from 1958 to 2007 and the surface air temperature of 64 stations in northeast China during the same period, the spatial-temporal variations of summer extreme low temperature (SELT) in northeast China, and also its relationship with atmospheric circulation and the sea surface temperature anomalies are analyzed. The results suggest: (1)over the past 50 a the frequency of summer extreme low temperature had two modes: large-scale consistent mode and antiphase mode between north and south; (2)the frequency of summer extreme low temperature in north-east China is associated with the blocking highs in the Ural, the east Asian trough, the Aleutian low and northeast cold vortex; (3)the SST in the east equatorial Pacific is related to summer extreme low temperature in northeast China. Before the early 1990s, the occurrence of summer extreme low temperature was well consistent with the appearance of the EI Nino in the eastern equatorial Pacific, but their relations changed after early 1990s; (4)the western Pacific warm pool is the key area that affects the summer extreme low temperature over northeast China. Further research shows that the western Pacific warm pool tends to affect the circulation over the northeast China.

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張?chǎng)?徐海明.東北夏季極端低溫的變化特征及其與太平洋海溫異常的關(guān)系.氣象科學(xué),2012,32(6):629-637 ZHANG Feiyan, XU Haiming. Spatial-temporal variations of summer extreme low temperature in northeast China and its relationship with SST anomaly over the Pacific. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2012,32(6):629-637

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收稿日期:2011-08-19
最后修改日期:2012-01-04
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2013-01-05
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