植被冠層截留對(duì)地表水分和能量平衡影響的數(shù)值模擬

doi:10.3969/2012jms.0181

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植被冠層截留對(duì)地表水分和能量平衡影響的數(shù)值模擬
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                        10.3969/2012jms.0181
                    
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基金項(xiàng)目:全球變化國(guó)家重大科學(xué)研究計(jì)劃(2011CB952004);國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41230422,40975047);江蘇省"333高層次人才培養(yǎng)工程"資助項(xiàng)目,江蘇省"青藍(lán)工程"資助項(xiàng)目;江蘇高校優(yōu)勢(shì)學(xué)科建設(shè)工程資助項(xiàng)目(PAPD)

Numerical experiment of impacts of canopy interception on land surface water and energy balance

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摘要:

利用NCAR_CLM4.0模式,通過(guò)有無(wú)植被冠層截留的試驗(yàn)對(duì)比分析,討論了植被冠層截留對(duì)全球陸面水分和能量平衡產(chǎn)生的潛在影響。結(jié)果表明:就全球水分平衡而言,不考慮植被冠層截留時(shí),全球平均土壤總含水量、表面徑流和次表面徑流增加,蒸散發(fā)減少?？臻g分布特征表明,低緯地區(qū)各水分平衡分量全年維持較高的差值分布,并隨季節(jié)變化沿赤道南北振蕩;北半球中高緯高值區(qū)有春季擴(kuò)張、夏季極盛、秋冬季撤退的趨勢(shì)。冠層截留消失后冠層蒸發(fā)的消失是蒸散發(fā)減弱的主要原因。對(duì)于能量平衡而言,不考慮冠層截留時(shí),全球感熱通量增加,冠層感熱的增加明顯大于地面感熱的減少;潛熱減少。此外,不同植被類型對(duì)不考慮冠層截留后產(chǎn)生的響應(yīng)存在明顯差異。

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Impacts of canopy interception on land surface water and energy balance are investigated through contrast analysis of numerical experiments with or without canopy interception by using the NCAR Community Land Model(CLM4.0). It is shown that when canopy interception isn't taken into account, the total water content of soil, surface runoff and sub-surface runoff increase, while the evapotranspiration decreases. Spatial distribution indicates that a high difference distribution exists between the two experiments at low latitudes which has north-south oscillation with the season variation; the high value area expands in spring, becomes heyday in summer, and retreats in autumn and winter at northern mid-high latitudes. The main reason of the decrease of evapotranspiration is that the canopy evaporation disappears without canopy interception. For the energy balance, it is shown that without canopy interception, sensible heat flux increases, while latent flux decreases. The value of increase in the canopy sensible heat is higher than that of reduction in the surface sensible heat. The spatial distribution of energy balance is similar to the water balance components. In addition, there are significant differences among the response of different vegetation types when the canopy interception is neglected.

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尹伊,陳海山.植被冠層截留對(duì)地表水分和能量平衡影響的數(shù)值模擬.氣象科學(xué),2013,33(2):119-129 YIN Yi, CHEN Haishan. Numerical experiment of impacts of canopy interception on land surface water and energy balance. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2013,33(2):119-129

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收稿日期:2012-04-18
最后修改日期:2012-07-25
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2013-04-25
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