2010年6月中下旬南方暴雨過程變形場作用分析

doi:10.3969/2012jms.0033

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2010年6月中下旬南方暴雨過程變形場作用分析
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                        10.3969/2012jms.0033
                    
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基金項目:國家自然科學基金資助項目(40921160382;41275099;41205073);公益性行業(yè)(氣象)科研專項(GYHY200906011);解放軍理工大學氣象學院基礎理論研究基金

Analysis on the impact of deformation field on a heavy rainfall event over southern China in middle and late June of 2010

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利用常規(guī)原始報文資料,采用基于Lanczos窗口濾波器的合成分析方法,對2010年6月13—27日的形勢場、物理量進行合成分析,計算并分析了低空合成風場的總變形。結果表明: 500 hPa大陸中、高緯地區(qū)存在一"Ω"形類阻塞高壓,西北冷空氣從其東部源源不斷向長江及以南地區(qū)輸送,與副熱帶高壓西北側的西南暖濕氣流在我國南方地區(qū)交匯。700、850 hPa大陸高壓與西太平洋副熱帶高壓之間形成的鞍型場,位于長江以南地區(qū),鞍型場鞍點附近及其東部膨脹軸是暴雨發(fā)生的主要區(qū)域。在南方地區(qū)上空200 hPa西北氣流輻散產生的抽吸作用,對這次長時間、高強度的降水起了重要作用。發(fā)生在鞍型場和切變線上的低空中尺度氣旋,是造成暴雨的重要天氣系統(tǒng)。鞍型場膨脹軸附近,總變形最大,其位置、走向均與雨帶基本一致,有利于鋒生和中尺度氣旋形成。低空冷暖氣流交匯區(qū)域形成低空強θ_se梯度,在垂直剖面圖上,等θ_se線呈現十分傾斜狀態(tài),該區(qū)域強θ_se水平梯度與低空總變形、正渦度區(qū)一致,可能是特大暴雨發(fā)生的重要因素。

Abstract:

The synoptic patterns from 13 to 27 June 2010 are composed by a digital filter compositing method based on Lanczos window function and the routine meteorological data. The compositing field eliminates the irrational high-frequent noise, so as to show the underlying low-frequent weather situation. Total the low-level deformation is calculated based on the compositing winds. It shows that the northwesterly cold air successively transported southward from an "Ω"-like blocking high in the east, making an intersection with the warm and moist air in the southwest of the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH). The 700 and 850 hPa deformation fields between the blocking high and the WPSH are located in southern China, leading to heavy rainfalls near the deformation point and eastern dilatation axis of the deformation field. The 200 hPa divergence over southern China has a pumping effect on the heavy rainfall. The 850 hPa mesoscale cyclones formed in the low-level deformation fields or within the shear lines are the important weather systems causing the heavy rainfall. The total low-level deformation fields based on the compositing winds show that the total deformation near the dilatation axis is quite large, whose band is similar to the accumulated precipitation one. It is suggested that the deformation field is a favorable environment for heavy rainfalls and formation of mesoscale cyclones. An intense horizontal gradient of low-level θ_se forms in the area where the warm and moist air makes intersection with the cold and dry one, and the θ_se isolines are quite steep in the vertical cross-section map. All in all, the coupling development of low-level intense horizontal gradient of θ_se, total deformation, and positive vorticity may be the important reason for the heavy rainfalls.

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姜勇強,王元,呂梅,周祖剛,羅堅.2010年6月中下旬南方暴雨過程變形場作用分析.氣象科學,2013,33(2):168-177 JIANG Yongqiang, WANG Yuan, LU Mei, ZHOU Zugang, LUO Jian. Analysis on the impact of deformation field on a heavy rainfall event over southern China in middle and late June of 2010. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2013,33(2):168-177

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收稿日期:2012-06-30
最后修改日期:2012-11-03
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2013-04-25
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