高緯度強(qiáng)對(duì)流與對(duì)流層上層水汽變化關(guān)系的數(shù)值模擬研究

doi:10.3969/2012jms.0167

首頁(yè) > 過刊瀏覽>2013年第33卷第4期 >391-399. DOI:10.3969/2012jms.0167

高緯度強(qiáng)對(duì)流與對(duì)流層上層水汽變化關(guān)系的數(shù)值模擬研究
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                        10.3969/2012jms.0167
                    
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基金項(xiàng)目:公益性行業(yè)(氣象)科研專項(xiàng)(GYHY201006006-04);中國(guó)氣象局預(yù)報(bào)員專項(xiàng)(CMAYBY2011-011)

A numerical simulation on the relation between water vapor content variation in upper troposphere and strong convection weather in high latitude areas

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摘要:

應(yīng)用WRF中尺度模式模擬了發(fā)生在黑龍江省西南部的一次區(qū)域性暴雨過程,通過云微物理參數(shù)化方案的敏感性試驗(yàn),分析了對(duì)流云體中水汽垂直輸送特征。結(jié)果表明:強(qiáng)對(duì)流活動(dòng)使對(duì)流層上層局地水汽平均增加10倍以上,對(duì)流活動(dòng)對(duì)于水汽的垂直輸送以及對(duì)高層水汽含量的改變具有非常顯著的作用。云微物理參數(shù)化方案,對(duì)于整個(gè)對(duì)流層水汽通量密度變化趨勢(shì)有較好的表現(xiàn)。在不同方案中,0.5~9 km水汽通量密度及24 h總水汽垂直輸送量,隨高度變化差異較大。這是由平均垂直速度對(duì)不同方案敏感性造成的,不同的參數(shù)化方案,水汽通量最大值間最多相差可達(dá)27.9%。在不同的方案中,對(duì)流層上層加濕作用持續(xù)時(shí)間和對(duì)流層上層平均水汽混合比的最大值較敏感:對(duì)流活動(dòng)可造成模擬區(qū)域?qū)α鲗由蠈釉鰸癯掷m(xù)16~20 h不等;對(duì)流層上層平均水汽混合比的最大值差異明顯,最大可達(dá)15.8%。進(jìn)行24 h平均后,上述物理量對(duì)方案的敏感性可減小到8.3%。所以,云微物理方案的不確定性對(duì)于暴雨過程的時(shí)間尺度是不可忽視的。

Abstract:

Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model is used for studies of dynamic causes and thermal mechanisms of the rainstorm in the southwest of Heilongjiang. The vertical transport of water vapor by a severe convective process has been investigated using the WRF model with different cloud micro-physical schemes. The major conclusions are as follows: severe convections make local vapor in upper troposphere increase over 10 times, which shows that severe convections have a significant effect on both the vapor vertical transportation and the vapor content change in the upper troposphere. When the convective cloud arises, the trend of the water vapor flux density over the whole troposphere is not sensitive to cloud microphysical schemes. The strength of water vapor flux and the total water vapor flux integrated over a period of 24 h are sensitive to cloud microphysical schemes, which is correlated to the vertical updraft in the cloud. The largest difference in the maximum total water vapor can reach 27.9% among different schemes. Both the humidifying effect in the upper troposphere and the duration are sensitive to cloud microphysical schemes. The cumulus transport leads to humidification of the upper troposphere, which lasts from 16 to 20 h. The maximum differences in the upper troposphere water vapor mixing ratio can reach 15.8%. The averaging of 24 h may reduce the sensitivity of upper troposphere humidity, but the maximum still can reach 8.3%. The uncertainty induced by different microphysical schemes cannot be neglected within time scale of the rainstorm.

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任麗,潘益農(nóng),王承偉,馬國(guó)忠.高緯度強(qiáng)對(duì)流與對(duì)流層上層水汽變化關(guān)系的數(shù)值模擬研究.氣象科學(xué),2013,33(4):391-399 REN Li, PAN Yinong, WANG Chengwei, MA Guozhong. A numerical simulation on the relation between water vapor content variation in upper troposphere and strong convection weather in high latitude areas. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2013,33(4):391-399

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收稿日期:2012-05-15
最后修改日期:2012-08-27
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2013-09-06
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