1961—2010年?yáng)|北地區(qū)四季開(kāi)始日及長(zhǎng)短變化特征分析

doi:10.3969/2013jms.0018

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1961—2010年?yáng)|北地區(qū)四季開(kāi)始日及長(zhǎng)短變化特征分析
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                        10.3969/2013jms.0018
                    
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基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（41171038）；吉林省自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（20101561）

Variation characteristics of the starting date and length of seasons over Northeast China during 1961 to 2010

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摘要:

用1961—2010年?yáng)|北地區(qū)90個(gè)氣象觀測(cè)站的觀測(cè)資料，采用錢(qián)誠(chéng)等四季劃分的方法，分析了東北地區(qū)四季開(kāi)始日、長(zhǎng)短變化特征及其對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的影響。研究表明：東北地區(qū)近50 a來(lái)，四季（春、夏、秋、冬）平均開(kāi)始日分別為4月10日、6月25日、8月11日和10月20日，平均長(zhǎng)度分別為80 d、51 d、72 d和171 d，且區(qū)域差異比較明顯。春季和夏季的開(kāi)始日在明顯提前，分別為-1.46 d/10a、-1.99 d/10a；秋季和冬季的開(kāi)始日明顯推遲，分別為2.05 d/10a、0.90 d/10a。平均春、秋和冬季的持續(xù)時(shí)間在縮短，分別為-0.54 d/10a、-1.15 d/10a、-2.50 d/10a，春、秋季的變化未通過(guò)顯著性檢驗(yàn)，冬季通過(guò)了0.05的顯著性檢驗(yàn)。夏季時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)，為3.38 d/10a。春季的提前和秋季的推遲，使農(nóng)作物適宜生育期延長(zhǎng)；同時(shí)對(duì)作物品種熟性和種植格局也會(huì)產(chǎn)生一定的影響。

Abstract:

Using the recorded data from 90 meteorological stations over Northeast China during 1961—2010 and the four-season division method proposed by Qianchen, the variation features of starting date and length of seasons were analyzed and its effects on agriculture were discussed. The results show that the average starting dates were April 10, June 25, August 11, October 20 and average length were 80 d, 51 d, 72 d, 171 d for spring, summer, autumn and winter respectively over Northeast China in the last 50 years with obvious spatial variations. It is clear that starting dates of spring and summer became earlier with the trends of -1.46 d/10a and -1.99 d/10a, while in autumn and winter, it became later with the values of 2.05 d/10a and 0.90 d/10a. The average length of spring, autumn and winter became shorter, amounting to -0.54 d/10a, -1.15 d/10a and -2.50 d/10a respectively, the confidence levels in spring and autumn tended not to be able to pass, but it was at 0.05 in winter. Summer became longer at the rate of 3.38 d/10a. The early coming of starting date of spring and its delay in autumn contribute to extending the growing period of crops and greatly affect the crop varieties and planting pattern.

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王雷,吳正方,杜海波,宗盛偉.1961—2010年?yáng)|北地區(qū)四季開(kāi)始日及長(zhǎng)短變化特征分析.氣象科學(xué),2014,34(5):499-507 WANG Lei, WU Zhengfang, DU Haibo, ZONG Shengwei. Variation characteristics of the starting date and length of seasons over Northeast China during 1961 to 2010. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2014,34(5):499-507

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收稿日期:2012-12-24
最后修改日期:2013-03-10
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-10-15
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