華南前汛期雨澇強、弱年的確定及其環(huán)流特征對比

doi:10.3969/2014jms.0080

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華南前汛期雨澇強、弱年的確定及其環(huán)流特征對比
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                        10.3969/2014jms.0080
                    
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基金項目:福建省自然科學基金資助項目(2014J01146);福建省氣象局青年科技專項(2013q16)

Determination of strong and weak rain-waterlogging years in pre-rainy season over South China and their circulation features comparison

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用區(qū)域性暴雨過程綜合強度評估方法,在對1961—2010年華南前汛期逐場暴雨過程評估的基礎上,通過定義華南區(qū)域雨澇強度指數(shù)(RWI),劃分和確定了雨澇強、弱年,并對雨澇強、弱年的環(huán)流特征進行合成分析。結果顯示:(1) RWI存在顯著的年際變化和年代際變化特征。雨澇強度在1990s初以后呈現(xiàn)明顯的增加趨勢,雨澇強年明顯增多。(2)雨澇強(弱)年,南亞高壓偏南(北),副高位置偏西(東),歐亞中高緯500 hPa位勢高度差值場自西向東呈現(xiàn)+ - +的波列分布,則有利(不利)于華南區(qū)域降水的發(fā)展和持續(xù);(3)華南前汛期雨澇的強(弱)與大氣低層來自華中—華南北部的偏北風輸送加強(減弱)、高原東南側的偏西風和經(jīng)西太平洋—南海進入華南的西南風及水汽輸送異常加強(減弱)有著密切的關系。而與來自孟加拉灣進入華南的偏南風及水汽輸送強(弱)呈現(xiàn)反相關。(4)雨澇強(弱)年,冷空氣活動頻率較高(低),持續(xù)時間較長(短),強中心偏南(北)。且暖濕空氣較早(晚)到達25 °N地區(qū),并在30 °N以南地區(qū)維持時間較長(短),季風推進快(慢)。

Abstract:

Based on the assessments on the heavy rainfall processes occurred in pre-rainy season over South China from 1961 to 2010 by the regional rainfall intensity model, the strong(weak) rain-waterlogging years were divided and labeled through defining the rain-water logging index(RWI), and their circulation features were also compositely analyzed.Results show that:(1) RWI implies prominent inter-annual and inter-decadal variation characteristics. In the early 1990s, the rain-waterlogging intensity tended obviously to increase trend and the strong rain-waterlogging years also increased. (2) In strong (weak) rain-waterlogging years, the South Asia high extends southward(northward), subtropical high extends farther westward(eastward) and the composite differences at 500 hPa height in mid-high latitude in Eurasia shows ‘+ - +’(- + -)waveforms from west to east, which is all advantageous(disadvantageous) to the development and continuity of rainfall in South China. (3) The strong(weak) rain-waterlogging is intimately linked with the strengthening(weakening) northerly winds from Central China-northern South China in the low layer of atmosphere and the anomalous strengthening(weakening) of westerly wind from the southeastern plateau, southwesterly winds from western Pacific- South China Sea to South China, as well as water vapor transportation. (4)In strong(weak) rain-waterlogging years, cold air activity is active (inactive) and has longer(shorter) duration with more south (north) location of strong center, moreover warm air arrives at 25 °N area earlier(later), its duration at further south of 30 °N is longer(shorter) and the monsoon moves forward faster (slower).

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羅艷艷,何金海,鄒燕,孫蔡亮.華南前汛期雨澇強、弱年的確定及其環(huán)流特征對比.氣象科學,2015,35(2):160-166 LUO Yanyan, HE Jinhai, ZOU Yan, SUN Cailiang. Determination of strong and weak rain-waterlogging years in pre-rainy season over South China and their circulation features comparison. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2015,35(2):160-166

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收稿日期:2014-03-19
最后修改日期:2014-09-19
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-05-08
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