低層鋒生型暴雨特征合成分析

doi:10.3969/2014jms.0097

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低層鋒生型暴雨特征合成分析
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                        10.3969/2014jms.0097
                    
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基金項目:中國氣象局預報員專項(CMAYB2014-042)

Composite analysis on features of low-level frontogenesis rainstorm

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應用湖北省縣級以上84個氣象觀測站點24 h降水資料,統(tǒng)計分析了2008—2011年5—8月低層鋒生類型10場暴雨的雨量特征,對天氣系統(tǒng)和各種物理量特征進行合成分析。結果發(fā)現(xiàn):低層鋒生型暴雨主要是由于低層鋒生強迫觸發(fā)不穩(wěn)定能量的釋放,同時形成跨鋒面的次級正環(huán)流,其上升支與高層次級反環(huán)流的上升支在暴雨區(qū)上空疊加,形成深厚的上升運動區(qū),觸發(fā)位勢不穩(wěn)定能量的釋放。在中層槽前正渦度平流、低層西南急流風速輻合以及鋒面傾斜導致傾斜渦度發(fā)展等共同作用下,中尺度低渦發(fā)生發(fā)展。中尺度低渦中心區(qū)域和低渦移向的右前方動力水汽輻合最強烈,是暴雨發(fā)生的主要區(qū)域。

Abstract:

By using 24 h rainfall data from 84 meteorological observation sites in Hubei province, the features of rainfall amount in ten low-level frontogenesis rainstorm processes from May to August during 2008-2011 were statistically analyzed, moreover, the weather systems and various physical characteristics were also composite analyzed. Results showed that the low-level frontogenesis rainstorm occurred when the low-level frontogenesis forced to trigger the releasing of unstable energy and form the secondary positive circulation, the overlapping of updrafts of the above circulation and a high-level senior secondary reverse circulation over the heavy rain areas formed a deep upward movement area, which triggered the release of the potential unstable energy. Furthermore, the combined effects of the middle-level positive vorticity advection, low-level southwest jet convergence and slantwise vorticity development promoted the development of mesoscale vortex. The stronger moisture convergence at the center and on right-front side of its moving direction contributed to the heavy rain.

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李銀娥,王艷杰,李武階,柳草,郭英蓮.低層鋒生型暴雨特征合成分析.氣象科學,2015,35(2):223-229 LI Yin'e, WANG Yanjie, LI Wujie, LIU Cao, GUO Yinglian. Composite analysis on features of low-level frontogenesis rainstorm. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2015,35(2):223-229

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收稿日期:2013-12-30
最后修改日期:2014-11-19
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-05-08
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