地球-電離層空腔舒曼共振日變化特征分析

doi:10.3969/2014jms.0033

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地球-電離層空腔舒曼共振日變化特征分析
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                        10.3969/2014jms.0033
                    
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基金項目:國家重點基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計劃(973計劃)項目(2014CB441405);國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(41275009;41375037);公益性行業(yè)(氣象)科研專項(GYHY201306069)

Diurnal variations of Schumann resonances signals in the Earth-ionosphere cavity

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摘要:

全球雷電活動在地球-電離層空腔中產(chǎn)生的極低頻(ELF)信號干涉疊加,在一系列固定頻率上產(chǎn)生舒曼共振(SR)。利用2012年5月以色列Mitzpe-Roman(MR)站ELF水平磁場資料,采用頻譜變換、時間平均、分析了實測SR日變化信號的時域和頻域特征。同時基于全球ELF傳播模式,利用OTD/LIS雷電衛(wèi)星資料模擬了5~30 Hz磁場功率譜日變化情況。結(jié)果表明:時域背景信號幅值的均值和偏差滿足正態(tài)分布的期望和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差;水平磁場前三階SR諧振頻率非常穩(wěn)定,月平均下的諧振頻率日變化相對8、14、20 Hz理論值的偏移量分別不超過0.3 Hz、0.55 Hz和0.6 Hz。東南亞和美洲地區(qū)雷電活動主要響應(yīng)于南北磁場分量第一階SR的07—09時和19—22時時段內(nèi)。而東西磁場分量前三階SR在12—15時時段內(nèi)都對非洲地區(qū)雷電活動有指示作用。磁場功率譜日變化模擬結(jié)果與實測基本一致,表明利用單站正交磁天線的不同階SR信號能夠指示全球不同"熱斑"區(qū)域的雷電活動。

Abstract:

With a set of distinct spectrum peaks in the extra low frequency (ELF) portion of electromagnetic waves excited by global lightning discharges, the Schumann resonances (SR) occur. The experimental ELF data from Mitzpe-Roman site in Israel during May, 2012 was used to analyze the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of diurnal variation signal of SR with methods of spectrum transform, time average. According to the ELF radio propagation model in the Earth-ionosphere cavity, the dynamic spectrum of the magnetic component of SR band was simulated by taking the OTD/LIS satellite lightning data as input. Results show that ELF signals in time domain follows the normal distribution very well. Compared with the theoretical values of the resonance frequencies (8, 14, 20 Hz) of the first three modes, the diurnal variations of resonance frequencies of the SR power spectrum remain stable, whose offset are less than 0.3 Hz, 0.55 Hz, 0.6 Hz, respectively. The dynamic spectrum in the ELF band shows that two power spectrum peaks appear at 07-09 and 19-22 in the fundamental SR mode for the north-south horizontal magnetic field power spectrum, produced by lightning activities in Southeast Asia and America respectively, and a sole prominent peak at 12-15 appears in the first three SR modes for the east-west horizontal magnetic field power spectrum relating to "Africa chimney". The consistency between the simulation and measurement of the diurnal variations of SR spectrum illustrates that SR is able to response to lightning activities in different areas all over the world. Lightning activities in the three "hot spots" can be monitored and be deduced timely through the signals of different SR modes received from two orthogonal magnetic antennas of individual ELF field station.

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銀峰,張其林,紀(jì)彤彤,姜蘇.地球-電離層空腔舒曼共振日變化特征分析.氣象科學(xué),2015,35(4):480-487 YIN Feng, ZHANG Qilin, JI Tongtong, JIANG Su. Diurnal variations of Schumann resonances signals in the Earth-ionosphere cavity. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2015,35(4):480-487

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收稿日期:2013-10-18
最后修改日期:2014-04-02
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-09-11
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