暴雨發(fā)生前AIRS衛(wèi)星資料適用性檢驗(yàn)研究

doi:10.3969/2015jms.0053

首頁 > 過刊瀏覽>2015年第35卷第6期 >710-719. DOI:10.3969/2015jms.0053

暴雨發(fā)生前AIRS衛(wèi)星資料適用性檢驗(yàn)研究
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                        10.3969/2015jms.0053
                    
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基金項(xiàng)目:公益性行業(yè)(氣象)科研專項(xiàng)(GYHY201406011).

The examination and research for AIRS data applicability before rainstorm

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摘要:

利用AIRS衛(wèi)星產(chǎn)品中的氣溫和水汽資料,計(jì)算出K指數(shù)(I_K)和沙氏指數(shù)(I_S)這兩種大氣不穩(wěn)定指數(shù)。對(duì)暴雨發(fā)生前6 h左右這兩種大氣不穩(wěn)定指數(shù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果表明:在暴雨發(fā)生前6 h左右,80%左右的暴雨發(fā)生在I_K >27.5℃或I_S <3℃的情況下。由于I_K的分布與暴雨發(fā)生的頻率基本呈現(xiàn)出較為明顯的遞增變化,因此I_K與I_S相比能更好地反映暴雨天氣的發(fā)生。為了更好地描述暴雨發(fā)生前的大氣不穩(wěn)定特征,將AIRS計(jì)算的I_K和I_S做了適當(dāng)?shù)慕Y(jié)合,得到KS指數(shù)(I_KS)并將其運(yùn)用到一次暴雨個(gè)例進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,從驗(yàn)證效果來看:暴雨發(fā)生的區(qū)域在6 h前基本都處在了I_KS較高的情況下,I_KS對(duì)暴雨具有一定的指示意義。通過對(duì)暴雨區(qū)域像元中AIRS反演的氣溫和水汽誤差分析中可以得出:AIRS計(jì)算的I_K和I_S誤差主要由AIRS在有效云量較高時(shí)850hPa高度上反演的氣溫以及700hPa和850hPa高度上反演的水汽的誤差導(dǎo)致的。

Abstract:

The temperature and water vapor data from AIRS satellite products were used to calculate two atmospheric instability indice: the K index and the SI index. These two atmospheric instability indice applied to the rainstorm occurring 6 hours earlier were statistically analyzed. The results show that the 80% rainstorm disasters occurred in the case of K higher than 27.5℃ or SI lower than < 3℃ 6 hours lower earlier. Because the K index distribution and rainstorm frequency basically present a more obvious incremental change, so K index can better reflect the occurrence of the heavy rain. In order to improve description of atmospheric instability characteristics before the storm occurred, it is important to combine appropriately the K index and the SI index calculated by AIRS to obtain KS indice, and then they were used to a case of rainstorm for certification. The verification effects indicate that in the the region where rainstorm occurred, the high KS index is necessary 6 hours earlier, so the KS index is a meaningfull indicator for rainfall research. The error analysis on AIRS temperature and water vapor in the pixels for the rainstorm area shows that the K index and SI index calculation errors were caused mainly by AIRS temperature inversion error at 850 hPa height as well as AIRS water vapor inversion error at 700 hPa and 850 hPa due to higher effective cloud fraction.

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陳立,張杰,劉振元.暴雨發(fā)生前AIRS衛(wèi)星資料適用性檢驗(yàn)研究.氣象科學(xué),2015,35(6):710-719 CHEN Li, ZHANG Jie, LIU Zhenyuan. The examination and research for AIRS data applicability before rainstorm. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2015,35(6):710-719

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收稿日期:2014-05-13
最后修改日期:2015-04-26
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