氣溶膠對熱帶氣旋強度及電過程影響的數(shù)值模擬研究

doi:10.3969/2015jms.0012

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氣溶膠對熱帶氣旋強度及電過程影響的數(shù)值模擬研究
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                        10.3969/2015jms.0012
                    
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基金項目:國家重點基礎研究發(fā)展計劃(973計劃)項目(2014CB441403),江蘇高校優(yōu)勢學科建設工程資助項目(PAPD),江蘇省普通高校研究生科研創(chuàng)新計劃(CXZZ13_0507),高原大氣與環(huán)境四川省重點實驗室開放課題(PAEKL-2016-Y1),氣象信息共享與數(shù)據(jù)挖掘四川省高校重點實驗室開放課題(QGX16006)

Numerical simulation of the effects of aerosol on the intensity and electrification of tropical cyclone

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將詳細的氣溶膠活化方案和非感應起電參數(shù)化方案耦合到WRF模式的Morrison微物理方案中,在此基礎上模擬了理想的熱帶氣旋個例,討論了氣溶膠對熱帶氣旋強度及電活動的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)氣溶膠對熱帶氣旋強度和電活動的影響在不同發(fā)展階段是不同的。在熱帶氣旋發(fā)展階段,氣溶膠增加使云內的云滴數(shù)濃度增加,云滴尺度降低,抑制了暖雨過程,未降落的小云滴粒子上升到凍結層之上,凍結形成了更多的冰相粒子,凍結過程釋放潛熱,激發(fā)云系對流發(fā)展,使熱帶氣旋強度增強,電活動更為劇烈。而在熱帶氣旋成熟階段,污染個例中的冰相粒子降落,形成更多的降水,降水粒子在下落過程中對上升氣流產生拖曳作用,抑制對流強度。降水粒子在海平面蒸發(fā)吸收了大量潛熱,使該區(qū)域溫度降低,這也阻礙了外部暖濕能量向內輸送,抑制了對流發(fā)展,從而使熱帶氣旋強度降低。而由于污染個例中的冰粒子較少,參與起電過程的冰粒子減少,熱帶氣旋的電活動強度降低。

Abstract:

The effects of aerosol on intensity and electrification of an idealized tropical cyclone were investigated by coupling an explicit treatment of aerosol activation and electrification parameterizations with Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model. Results show that the effects of aerosol on the intensity and electrification of tropical cyclone at different development stages were distinctive. At the developmental stage of tropical cyclone, the increase of aerosol concentration led to the formation of more but smaller cloud droplets, which suppressed warm rain by collision-coalescence process. The smaller cloud droplets were transported to the mixed-phase region and formed more ice particles. The freezing process released more latent heat, which promoted the development of tropical cyclone eyewall and enhanced the intensity and electrification of tropical cyclone. At the mature stage, more ice particles melted into rain water and the rainfall particles dragged the updraft in the falling process. The evaporating effect of rainfall particles at the sea surface absorbed more latent heat and made the temperature decrease in this area. The low temperature area blocked the transportation of warm and wet air into tropical cyclone, and redueed the intensity of tropical cyclone. The electrification process was weaker at mature stage because of less ice particles in the cloud.

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趙鵬國,銀燕,肖輝,康漢青.氣溶膠對熱帶氣旋強度及電過程影響的數(shù)值模擬研究.氣象科學,2016,36(1):1-9 ZHAO Pengguo, YIN Yan, XIAO Hui, KANG Hanqing. Numerical simulation of the effects of aerosol on the intensity and electrification of tropical cyclone. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2016,36(1):1-9

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收稿日期:2014-12-11
最后修改日期:2015-02-08
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-04-11
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