一次颮線過程雷達(dá)回波特征及環(huán)境條件分析

doi:10.3969/2015jms.0015

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一次颮線過程雷達(dá)回波特征及環(huán)境條件分析
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                        10.3969/2015jms.0015
                    
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基金項(xiàng)目:國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(41375106)

Analysis on radar echo characteristics and environmental conditions of a squall line

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利用常規(guī)資料、NCEP/NCAR再分析資料及多普勒天氣雷達(dá)資料等,對(duì)2014年3月30-31日廣東一次颮線過程進(jìn)行了分析。重點(diǎn)分析了颮線發(fā)生的環(huán)流背景、環(huán)境特征、不穩(wěn)定條件、垂直風(fēng)切變等及多普勒雷達(dá)回波演變過程。結(jié)果表明:(1)此次颮線過程發(fā)生在中高緯地區(qū)穩(wěn)定的阻塞形勢(shì)下,從四川盆地東移的高空槽和低渦切變線是造成廣東強(qiáng)對(duì)流天氣的主要影響系統(tǒng)。(2)低空急流水汽輸送、低層強(qiáng)水汽輻合、強(qiáng)低空垂直風(fēng)切變和上干下濕的水汽垂直分布為颮線的發(fā)生、發(fā)展提供了必要的熱力和動(dòng)力條件。(3)強(qiáng)盛階段颮線具有明顯的陣風(fēng)鋒和弱回波通道,速度圖上颮線北端為強(qiáng)的氣旋式切變,南端為弱的反氣旋式切變,在"弓形"回波頂點(diǎn)處有強(qiáng)的速度輻合。颮線內(nèi)部后側(cè)為一支傾斜向下的冷空氣入流,前沿是一支沿冷空氣爬升的暖空氣入流。(4)在"弓形"回波頂部后側(cè)長時(shí)間維持著向后傾斜的后側(cè)入流急流RIJ(Rear Inflow Jets),RIJ對(duì)"弓形"回波的形成、地面大風(fēng)和颮線的維持和快速移動(dòng)具有重要的作用。

Abstract:

The conventional observation data, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and Doppler radar data are used to analyze the squall line process happened in Guangdong during 30-31 March, 2014. The circulation background of environmental characteristics, unstable situation, vertical wind profile and Doppler radar echo evolution process are emphasized. Results show:(1)the squall line occurred in a stably maintained blocking situation of middle-high latitudes. The upper trough moving eastward from Sichuan basin and low vortex shear line are the main influencing systems causing strong convective weather of Guangdong.(2) Low-level jet vapor transportation, strong low-level moisture convergence and vertical wind shear, as well as dry upper and wet lower vapor vertical distribution provide necessary thermodynamic and dynamic conditions for the formation and development of the squall line.(3)There obviously exists gust front and weak echo channel at the strong stage of squall line. The strong cyclonic shear appears in the northern part of velocity map, and the weak anticyclonic shear is in the southern part. There is strong speed convergence in the vertex of bow echo. Sloping-downward cold air inflow is inside the back of squall line, and a warm air inflow climbing along the cold air is in the front.(4) Rear Inflow Jets(RIJ), sustaining for a long time in the top of bow echo back, plays an important role for the formation of bow echo and for the maintenance and fast moving of surface wind and squall line.

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繆子青,何宏讓,張?jiān)?湯鵬宇,白仕剛.一次颮線過程雷達(dá)回波特征及環(huán)境條件分析.氣象科學(xué),2016,36(1):71-79 MIAO Ziqing, HE Hongrang, ZHANG Yun, TANG Pengyu, BAI Shigang. Analysis on radar echo characteristics and environmental conditions of a squall line. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2016,36(1):71-79

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收稿日期:2014-09-18
最后修改日期:2015-01-17
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-04-11
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