近30 a江蘇夏季降水日變化的氣候?qū)W特征

doi:10.3969/2016jms.0050

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近30 a江蘇夏季降水日變化的氣候?qū)W特征
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                        10.3969/2016jms.0050
                    
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基金項目:公益性行業(yè)（氣象）科研專項（GYHY201306050）；江蘇省氣象科研基金項目（KZ201402，KM201408）

Climatic features of diurnal variation of rainfall in Jiangsu province during summer for recent 30 years

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基于1980-2013年江蘇省61站小時降水資料，分析了江蘇省夏季降水日變化的特點及小時極端降水、不同級別雨日的日變化特征。結(jié)果表明，江蘇省夏季降水日變化具有顯著的雙峰分布特征，然而江蘇省北部和南部降水的主峰時段并不一致。從降水頻次、累積降水量來看，江蘇省北部降水以清晨至早上時段為主峰、午后至傍晚時段為次峰，南部降水與之相反。長持續(xù)性降水占夏季降水的2/3左右，且江蘇北部占比多于南部，均為清晨至早上的單峰分布；短持續(xù)性降水占夏季降水的1/3，在江蘇北部呈現(xiàn)出以午后至傍晚為主峰，清晨至早上為次峰的雙峰分布，而在江蘇南部呈現(xiàn)出以午后至傍晚的單峰分布特點。小時極端降水，閾值分布南低北高，雖然頻次較少，但占夏季降水的40%左右。小時極端降水日變化的雙峰分布和夏季總體降水分布類似，但主峰大都出現(xiàn)在午后至傍晚。不同級別雨日的日變化分布各有不同，但全省各區(qū)無顯著差異。累積降水量貢獻(xiàn)主要來自于暴雨和大雨。暴雨無論是從降水頻次、累積降水量還是降水強(qiáng)度都呈現(xiàn)清晨至早上的單峰分布。

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Using hourly rainfall record of 61 meteorological stations in Jiangsu province, the characteristics of diurnal variation of rainfall is analyzed, including the characteristics of diurnal variation of the hourly extreme precipitation and levels of daily precipitation. The results are as follow. There are two peaks of diurnal variation of precipitation over Jiangsu province during summer. However, the diurnal phase of major peak exhibits regional differences. In the field of accumulated precipitation amount (hereafter as APA) and precipitation frequency, the peak between early morning and morning is much more remarkable over northern Jiangsu province than over the southern part. The APA of long-duration precipitation event amounts to about two-thirds of total precipitation. Also the proportion over the northern Jiangsu is larger than that over the southern part, and peaks always appear during early morning and morning. The short-duration events over northern part have two peaks:the major one is during afternoon and evening, and the minor one is during early moring and moring. However, the short-duration events over southern part provides only one peak during afternoon and evening. The thresholds of hourly extreme precipitation are larger (smaller) over northern (southern) part of Jiangsu, and the peaks always happen in the morning (afternoon and evening) in the northern (southern) part. Although the frequency of hourly extreme precipitation is negligible, but the APA is about 40% of total precipitaion. Major peaks of hourly precipitation occur in the afternoon to evening, and its two peaks of diurnal variation is just like the total precipiation. Besides, diurnal variations for each level of daily precipitation are different, but the distribution in Jiangsu is similar. The APA mainly comes from heavy rain and torrential rain. The frequency and APA of the torrential rain both have peaks in the morning.

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張靈玲,許遐禎,韓玨靜,劉冬晴.近30 a江蘇夏季降水日變化的氣候?qū)W特征.氣象科學(xué),2016,36(6):826-833 ZHANG Lingling, XU Xiazhen, HAN Juejing, LIU Dongqing. Climatic features of diurnal variation of rainfall in Jiangsu province during summer for recent 30 years. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2016,36(6):826-833

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收稿日期:2015-10-12
最后修改日期:2016-03-07
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-01-07
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