中國(guó)不同緯度城市群對(duì)夏季短期高溫天氣影響的模擬研究

doi:10.3969/2016jms.0028

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中國(guó)不同緯度城市群對(duì)夏季短期高溫天氣影響的模擬研究
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                        10.3969/2016jms.0028
                    
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基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃（973計(jì)劃）項(xiàng)目（2010CB428505）；國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（41275012，41475069）

Simulation of the impacts of urbanization in different areas of China on short term high-temperature event in summer

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本文利用中尺度WRF v3.2模式，通過(guò)改變中國(guó)東部京津冀、長(zhǎng)三角、珠三角3個(gè)典型城市群下墊面類(lèi)型，對(duì)大規(guī)模城市化效應(yīng)進(jìn)行模擬研究，探究不同緯度（不同背景環(huán)流場(chǎng)）不同規(guī)模的城市群發(fā)展對(duì)短期夏季高溫天氣的影響及可能機(jī)制，結(jié)果表明：大規(guī)模城市化后，城市擴(kuò)展區(qū)近地層（地表2 m）氣溫均出現(xiàn)顯著升高，城市化率越高，城市擴(kuò)展面積越大，中心升溫值越顯著，最大升溫超過(guò)了1.8℃，在不同背景風(fēng)場(chǎng)的作用下，升溫范圍都向下風(fēng)區(qū)擴(kuò)展，長(zhǎng)三角地區(qū)城市擴(kuò)展造成的升溫比京津冀強(qiáng)，又強(qiáng)于珠三角地區(qū)；城市化改變城區(qū)濕度狀況，使城區(qū)出現(xiàn)顯著干島，濕度響應(yīng)具有顯著的局地性，溫濕空間分布有很好的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，城區(qū)整體呈現(xiàn)出"干暖"趨勢(shì)；城市化改變地表能量平衡，使感熱通量增加潛熱通量減少；調(diào)整降水分布，使主城區(qū)降水較少。

Abstract:

By using the mesoscale WRF v3.2 model and through changing the land use types of three typical mega-cities (Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta), the large-scale urbanization effects was simulated, the influence and possible mechanism of urban agglomeration development with different scales and at different latitudes (different circulation field backgrounds) on a short range summer high temperature event were explored. Results show that the temperature at 2 m over urban areas increases significantly after large scale urbanization. The higher urbanization level is and the larger the urban expansion area is, the higher the central temperature goes up with the maximum warm exceeding 1.8℃. In general, under different wind fields, the warming areas all are restricted to leeward. Temperature warming of the Yangtze River Deltas is higher than those in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan zone and Pearl River Deltas. Urbanization changes the humidity over the urban areas, so that the obvious dry island effect takes place. The humidity response depends obviously on location. Among different areas, a good relationship existed between changes in the regional surface temperature and humidity. Overall, urban areas have a warm and dry tendency. Urbanization effects the surface energy budget, and the sensible heat flux enhancement reduces the surface latent heat flux significantly. The precipitation distribution adjustments lead to less precipitation in main urban areas.

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艾凱,鄭益群,曾新民.中國(guó)不同緯度城市群對(duì)夏季短期高溫天氣影響的模擬研究.氣象科學(xué),2017,37(2):161-172 AI Kai, ZHENG Yiqun, ZENG Xinmin. Simulation of the impacts of urbanization in different areas of China on short term high-temperature event in summer. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2017,37(2):161-172

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收稿日期:2015-11-25
最后修改日期:2016-04-20
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在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2017-05-16
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