小型水體對氣溫觀測環(huán)境影響的初步模擬分析

doi:10.3969/2016jms.0002

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小型水體對氣溫觀測環(huán)境影響的初步模擬分析
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                        10.3969/2016jms.0002
                    
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基金項目:國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（41275024）；公益性國家行業(yè)（氣象）專項（GYHY201106049）；江蘇高校優(yōu)勢學(xué)科建設(shè)工程（PAPD）項目；長江學(xué)者和創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊發(fā)展計劃

A preliminary simulation analysis on effects of water body on air temperature observation environment

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為研究水體對氣溫觀測環(huán)境的影響，應(yīng)用WRF中尺度模式，通過對四季晴天小風(fēng)、陰天大風(fēng)背景天氣下有無水體算例模擬結(jié)果的比較，分析了浙江青山湖水體（6.5 km²）對周邊2 m高度處氣溫的影響。模擬結(jié)果表明：（1）冬季天氣條件通常較穩(wěn)定，水體對下風(fēng)方的影響最為明顯；春、秋季節(jié)水體對下風(fēng)方的影響次之，夏季局地?zé)崃Νh(huán)流復(fù)雜，水體對下風(fēng)方氣溫影響不若其他季節(jié)明顯。（2）青山湖水體對下風(fēng)方約5 km內(nèi)的氣溫可能產(chǎn)生明顯影響，非下風(fēng)方縮短為0.4 km。（3）水體面積越大，對周邊氣溫影響距離越大。（4）當(dāng)風(fēng)速大于6.2 m·s^-1時，水陸熱力性質(zhì)差異迅速被平流項輸送攜帶走，水體對下風(fēng)方氣溫影響不明顯。而湍流擴(kuò)散項則將水體與陸面熱力性質(zhì)的差異向上傳遞，湍流強(qiáng)度大于0.5 m²·s^-2時，水體對下風(fēng)方氣溫的影響不明顯。

Abstract:

In order to research the effects of water body on temperature observation environment at meteorological stations, through comparing the case simulation results with or without water bodies, the impacts of Qingshan Lake(6.5 km²)in Zhejiang province on the surrounding air temperature at 2 m by using WRF model were analyzed under the weather background of clear sky with light wind and cloudy sky with gale in four seasons, respectively. Results show that (1) water body would increase leeward air temperature greater in winter than in spring and autumn due to the stable weather condition, while in summer, the influence of water body was not so obvious because of the complex local thermodynamic circulation. (2) The Qingshan Lake has obvious effects on the air temperature at a distance of 5 km from the lake leeward and 0.4 km in other directions. (3) The larger the water body area is, the longer the affecting distance of surrounding air temperature is. (4)When the wind speed is higher than 6.2 m·s^-1, the thermodynamic property divergence between water and land would be quickly carried away by advection, so the effect was not obvious. And then the turbulent diffusion would transmit the thermodynamic property divergence upward, so the effects became not so obvious when the turbulence intensity was larger than 0.5 m²·s^-2.

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王詠薇,齊德莉,邱陽陽,金蓮姬,郭建俠.小型水體對氣溫觀測環(huán)境影響的初步模擬分析.氣象科學(xué),2017,37(3):304-316 WANG Yongwei, QI Deli, QIU Yangyang, JIN Lianji, GUO Jianxia. A preliminary simulation analysis on effects of water body on air temperature observation environment. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2017,37(3):304-316

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收稿日期:2015-09-30
最后修改日期:2016-01-19
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-08-08
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