舟山海霧特征及其對(duì)數(shù)值模式的初步訂正

doi:10.3969/2017jms.0027

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舟山海霧特征及其對(duì)數(shù)值模式的初步訂正
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                        10.3969/2017jms.0027
                    
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基金項(xiàng)目:舟山海域海霧精細(xì)化客觀預(yù)報(bào)方法研究（2013C31058）

Characteristics of sea fogs in Zhoushan and its preliminary revision on the numerical model

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采用舟山海域1962—2015年的4個(gè)氣象觀測(cè)站資料、2014—2015年2 a的逐時(shí)自動(dòng)氣象數(shù)據(jù)和浮標(biāo)站數(shù)據(jù)，統(tǒng)計(jì)分析了舟山海霧特征，結(jié)果表明：海霧總是在大尺度背景條件和一定的氣象水文條件下發(fā)生；海霧春季最多，秋季最少，一天中多發(fā)生在夜間和早晨，又以下半夜到早晨最多，霧散一般在11∶00以后；海霧按天氣形勢(shì)可分4型，不同類型其季節(jié)變化和日變化存在差異；濃霧發(fā)生的要素特征為，氣溫5~27℃，海溫9~27℃，氣溫露點(diǎn)差0~4℃，90%的濃霧發(fā)生在2 m相對(duì)濕度≥95%、氣海溫差-3.7~3.2℃時(shí)，濃霧風(fēng)向主要落在東南風(fēng)和偏南風(fēng)之間，平均風(fēng)力一般在1~5級(jí)；利用要素閾值對(duì)WRF能見度模式進(jìn)行訂正檢驗(yàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)提高濃霧的定性預(yù)報(bào)準(zhǔn)確率有較明顯的作用。

Abstract:

By using four meteorological stations' data in Zhoushan from 1962 to 2015, the hourly automatic weather observation data and buoy station data from 2014 to 2015,the features of the sea fogs over Zhoushan sea area were statistically analyzed. Results show that the sea fog usually comes with the large scale background condition and a certain hydrographic characteristics. It shows that they come frequently in spring and less in autumn; however, they usually happen in the nighttime and early morning, while the time between midnight and early morning is the most frequently, and the fogs won't lift until 11:00. The sea fogs can be divided into four types on the basis of weather situations, while it has lots of differences for the seasons' changes and diurnal variations. This is the element characteristic of the heavy fog:the air temperature in the range of 5-27℃,the sea surface temperature in the range of 9-27℃,the depression of dew point in the range of 0-4℃. About 90% heavy fogs happen when the relative humidity (2 m highly) ≥ 95% and air-sea temperature difference in the range of -3.7-3.2℃, and the wind direction of the heavy fogs usually land between southeasterly and southerly winds, while the average wind speed in the range of 1-5 gale. By using the element threshold to show the revision of WRF visibility mode,it can obviously improve the accuracy of the qualitative forecasting for the heavy sea fogs.

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陳梅汀,王連喜,徐哲永,陳淑琴,張?zhí)A廉.舟山海霧特征及其對(duì)數(shù)值模式的初步訂正.氣象科學(xué),2018,38(1):130-138 CHEN Meiting, WANG Lianxi, XU Zheyong, CHEN Shuqin, ZHANG Linlian. Characteristics of sea fogs in Zhoushan and its preliminary revision on the numerical model. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2018,38(1):130-138

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收稿日期:2017-01-04
最后修改日期:2017-03-07
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-03-13
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