黃、渤海沿海大風變化特征及影響系統(tǒng)

doi:10.3969/2017jms.0068

首頁 > 過刊瀏覽>2018年第38卷第2期 >212-220. DOI:10.3969/2017jms.0068

黃、渤海沿海大風變化特征及影響系統(tǒng)
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                        10.3969/2017jms.0068
                    
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基金項目:公益性行業(yè)（氣象）科研專項項目（GYHY201106006）

Variation characteristics of gale in the coastal Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea and its weather system

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利用1981—2010年黃、渤海沿海44個氣象站大風資料，根據(jù)中央氣象臺對近海海區(qū)的劃分，分析了近30 a黃、渤海近海5海區(qū)大風的氣候特征，以及通過天氣分型對2008—2012年黃、渤海沿海大風的影響系統(tǒng)進行了統(tǒng)計，結(jié)果表明：近30 a黃、渤海沿海5海區(qū)日最大風速≥6級和≥8級日數(shù)呈遞減趨勢，1980s大風日數(shù)較多，各海區(qū)≥6級大風在1981年和1987年前后均有兩個峰值?！?級大風日數(shù)隨季節(jié)變化的峰值，渤海海區(qū)出現(xiàn)在春季，黃海南部海區(qū)是春季、夏季8月和秋季11月，渤海海峽、黃海北部和中部海區(qū)則主要是春季和冬季。渤海海區(qū)以偏北風和南南西風為主導風向，與其他海區(qū)以北或西北風為主的特征明顯不同。冷鋒是黃、渤海沿海大風最主要的影響系統(tǒng)，其次是氣旋型和高低壓型大風。另外以850 hPa溫度平流的強度、冷/暖中心的強度、等溫線密集帶梯度、地面高/低壓強度、地面大風前3 h/24 h最強變壓中心強度和地面氣壓梯度等要素為著眼點，對不同類型的大風指標進行了分析。

Abstract:

By using the gale data of 44 weather stations about the coastal Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea from 1981 to 2010, and according to the definitions of the China coastal sea-areas by the National Meteorological Center, the characteristics of gale in five coastal sea-areas were analyzed. Moreover, the weather system of the coastal Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea was statistically analyzed by using the method of weather classification from 2008 to 2010. Results are as follows:the annual variation of the days of strong wind above six and eight grade over five coastal sea-areas is significantly decreasing. The stronggest wind days occurred in 1980s', and there were two peak value in 1981 and 1987. The above six grade gale mainly occurs in spring of the Bohai Sea, and in spring and August of the south Yellow Sea and November, and occurs in spring and winter of the Bohai straits and the northern and central Yellow Sea. The north and southwest wind is the majority in the Bohai Sea, and the other coastal sea-areas are mostly north wind. The most weather system is cold front, and the next are cyclone and high-low pressure type. In addition, the gale index was statistically analyzed about different system types by the meteorological element at 850 hPa temperature advection, the 850 hPa central strength of temperature, the gradient of isotherm ribbon, the strength of surface high/low pressure, the allobaric strength of surface in 3 h/24 h and the barometric gradient of surface.

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曲巧娜,盛春巖,楊曉霞,范蘇丹.黃、渤海沿海大風變化特征及影響系統(tǒng).氣象科學,2018,38(2):212-220 QU Qiaona, SHENG Chunyan, YANG Xiaoxia, FAN Sudan. Variation characteristics of gale in the coastal Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea and its weather system. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2018,38(2):212-220

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收稿日期:2016-08-16
最后修改日期:2017-06-26
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-06-22
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