冬季北太平洋大氣低頻環(huán)流的年際和年代際變化特征及其與大氣環(huán)流和海溫異常的聯(lián)系

doi:10.3969/2017jms.0060

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冬季北太平洋大氣低頻環(huán)流的年際和年代際變化特征及其與大氣環(huán)流和海溫異常的聯(lián)系
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                        10.3969/2017jms.0060
                    
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基金項(xiàng)目:國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（41330420；41305137）；公益性行業(yè)（氣象）科研專項(xiàng)（GYHY201106017）

Interannual and interdecadal variations of atmospheric low-frequency circulation over the North Pacific in winter and its relationship with the atmospheric circulation and SST anomaly

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摘要:

利用1979—2015年ECMWF逐日再分析資料，通過EOF分解和回歸分析研究了冬季北太平洋大氣低頻環(huán)流的年際和年代際變化特征及其與海表面溫度異常（SSTA）和大氣環(huán)流異常之間的聯(lián)系。研究結(jié)果表明：冬季中緯度北太平洋地區(qū)850 hPa低頻尺度環(huán)流存在3個(gè)明顯的變化模態(tài)：第一模態(tài)為海盆尺度的單極型異常氣旋（反氣旋）式環(huán)流，同期太平洋SSTA呈現(xiàn)El Niño（La Niña）以及PDO暖位相（冷位相）空間分布，阿留申低壓強(qiáng)度增強(qiáng)（減弱），對流層中高層是正位相（負(fù)位相）的PNA型遙相關(guān)，北太平洋天氣尺度風(fēng)暴軸中東部南壓（北抬）；第二模態(tài)為在白令海峽和副熱帶地區(qū)呈氣旋式與反氣旋式環(huán)流南北向偶極型變化，同時(shí)中緯度北太平洋SSTA呈現(xiàn)NPGO（North Pacific Gyre Oscillation）正位相（負(fù)位相）的空間分布，黑潮區(qū)域SSTA偏暖（偏冷），北太平洋SSTA經(jīng)向梯度加大（減?。瑢α鲗又懈邔訛樨?fù)位相（正位相）的WP型遙相關(guān)，北太平洋天氣尺度風(fēng)暴軸整體偏北（偏南），強(qiáng)度增強(qiáng)（減弱）；第三模態(tài)為北太平洋中西部和北美西岸呈氣旋式與反氣旋式環(huán)流東西向偶極型異常，黑潮區(qū)域SSTA偏冷（偏暖）而北太平洋東部SSTA偏暖（偏冷），SSTA緯向梯度加大（減弱），同時(shí)赤道東太平洋出現(xiàn)類似La Niña（El Niño）的SSTA分布，北太平洋天氣尺度風(fēng)暴軸中東部明顯減弱（加強(qiáng)）而西部略有加強(qiáng)（減弱）。

Abstract:

The daily reanalysis data of ECMWF from 1979 to 2015 are used in Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis and regression method to investigate the interannual and interdecadal variations of atmospheric low-frequency circulation over the North Pacific in winter and its relationship with the Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly (SSTA) and midlatitude atmospheric circulation anomaly.The results show that there are three main variation modes of the 850 hPa low-frequency scale circulation over the midlatitude North Pacific in winter.The first mode depicts the one pole abnormal cyclonic (anticyclone) circulation of basinwide scale.Meanwhile,the SSTA presents El Niño (La Niña) pattern and PDO is in warm phase. The intensity of the Aleutian Low increases (decreases) and the middle and high troposphere is of positive (negative) phase of PNA.The mid-east part of the synoptic scale storm track moves southward (northward) in North Pacific. The second mode depicts a meridional dipole pattern with a cyclone in Bering Strait and an anticyclone in the subtropical areas.Meanwhile,the SSTA is of positive (negative) phase of NPGO over the midlatitude North Pacific. SSTA in the Kuroshio Current is warmer (colder) than usual and the meridional SSTA gradient increases (decreases).The middle and high troposphere is of negative (positive) phase of WP. The synoptic scale storm track moves northward (southward) with its intensity increases (decreases) in North Pacific. The third mode depicts a zonal dipole pattern with a cyclone in the central North Pacific and an anticyclone in the west coast of North America.Meanwhile,SSTA in the Kuroshio Current is colder (warmer) but in the eastern North Pacific,it is warmer (colder) than usual. The zonal SSTA gradient increases (decreases) and it is similar that SSTA is of La Niña (El Niño) pattern in the equatorial eastern Pacific. The mid-east part of the synoptic scale storm track weakens (strengthens) obviously but the west part of it strengthens (weakens) slightly.

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秦潤天,朱益民,陳曉穎,謝倩,錢景.冬季北太平洋大氣低頻環(huán)流的年際和年代際變化特征及其與大氣環(huán)流和海溫異常的聯(lián)系.氣象科學(xué),2018,38(3):293-301 QIN Runtian, ZHU Yimin, CHEN Xiaoying, XIE Qian, QIAN Jing. Interannual and interdecadal variations of atmospheric low-frequency circulation over the North Pacific in winter and its relationship with the atmospheric circulation and SST anomaly. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2018,38(3):293-301

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收稿日期:2016-11-10
最后修改日期:2017-02-23
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-07-16
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