蘇州市大氣PM2.5中水溶性無機(jī)離子的源解析及其氣象因子分析

doi:10.3969/2017jms.0021

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蘇州市大氣PM2.5中水溶性無機(jī)離子的源解析及其氣象因子分析
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                        10.3969/2017jms.0021
                    
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基金項目:江蘇省科技支撐計劃資助項目（BE2014734）；江蘇省大學(xué)生科技創(chuàng)新訓(xùn)練計劃項目（201410300071X）

Source resolution of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_2.5 in Suzhou city and impact of meteorological factors on their concentration change

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為了探明PM_2.5中水溶性無機(jī)離子的來源和氣象因子對其濃度變化的影響，本文利用2012年2、5、8和11月蘇州市PM_2.5中水溶性無機(jī)離子濃度和本站氣象觀測數(shù)據(jù)，分析了蘇州市水溶性無機(jī)離子的時間變化特征，解析了當(dāng)?shù)豍M_2.5中水溶性無機(jī)離子的主要來源，探討了氣象因素對離子組分的影響。結(jié)果表明：（1）蘇州市PM_2.5中水溶性無機(jī)離子年均濃度大小依次為：SO₄^2- > NO₃^- > NH₄⁺ > Na⁺ > Cl^- > K⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Mg²⁺ > F^-；SO₄^2-、NH₄⁺和NO₃^-為PM_2.5中最重要的3種水溶性無機(jī)離子物種，其總和占PM_2.5總質(zhì)量濃度的50.9%。各離子的季節(jié)濃度特征均為冬季最高、夏季最低。（2）通過運用主成分分析法對蘇州市PM_2.5中水溶性無機(jī)離子進(jìn)行來源分類解析，發(fā)現(xiàn)第一類為二次污染源和生物質(zhì)燃燒，其貢獻(xiàn)率為32.84；第二類為道路揚塵及工業(yè)排放，其貢獻(xiàn)率為19.99%；第三類為海鹽污染，其貢獻(xiàn)率為18.43%。（3）通過水溶性無機(jī)離子與氣象條件的相關(guān)性分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，風(fēng)向、風(fēng)速和溫度與水溶性無機(jī)離子濃度的相關(guān)性較顯著，這三者是顆粒物濃度變化的主要影響因子。（4）利用HYSPLIT后向軌跡模式對外來污染物進(jìn)入蘇州市的軌跡進(jìn)行聚類分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)：因受季風(fēng)氣候影響，蘇州市外來污染物的輸入路徑存在明顯的季節(jié)性變化特征，其中夏半年輸送主徑源自海上，冬半年主徑源自內(nèi)陸。

Abstract:

In order to ascertain the sources of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_2.5 and the impact of the meteorological factors on their concentration changes, in this paper, the data of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_2.5 and the observed meteorological data at Suzhou Station during February, May, August and November in 2012 were analyzed. The temporal variation characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions were revealed, their main sources were resolved and the influence of meteorological factors on these water-soluble inorganic ions concentration was investigated. The results were shown as follows:(1) The annual average concentrations of the water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_2.5 was in the order of SO₄^2- > NO₃^- > NH₄⁺ > Na⁺ > Mg²⁺ > K⁺ > F^- > Cl^- > Ca²⁺ and SO₄^2-, NH₄⁺ and NO₃^- were the most important ones, which contributes 50.9% of PM_2.5. The seasonal concentrations of all ions showed the highest concentration in winter and the lowest in summer. (2) The principal component analysis method was adopted to analyze the source apportionment of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_2.5 at Suzhou Station. The analysis results displayed that the secondary pollution sources and the biomass combustion was the first category whose contribution rate was 32.84%, the road dust and the industrial emissions was the second category whose contribution rate was 19.99% and the sea salt pollution was the third category whose contribution rate was 18.43%. (3) The correlation between the water-soluble inorganic ions and the meteorological factors was analyzed. It was found that the most significant correlations existed between the concentrations of water-soluble ions and the wind direction, wind speed and temperature and the three meteorological factors were the most influential factors on the concentration of the particulate matters. (4) After the cluster analysis of the backward trajectory from HYSPLIT4.0 model, it is found that the enter paths of external pollutions in Suzhou had an obvious seasonal variation characteristics and they could be influenced by the monsoon climate. The main enter paths in the summer half year came from the sea and they came from the inland in the winter half year.

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蔡敏,嚴(yán)明良,包云軒.蘇州市大氣PM_2.5中水溶性無機(jī)離子的源解析及其氣象因子分析.氣象科學(xué),2018,38(5):648-658 CAI Min, YAN Mingliang, BAO Yunxuan. Source resolution of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_2.5 in Suzhou city and impact of meteorological factors on their concentration change. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2018,38(5):648-658

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收稿日期:2017-01-01
最后修改日期:2017-03-10
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-10-12
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