東亞副熱帶高空急流短時間尺度增強的機理研究

doi:10.3969/2017jms.0084

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東亞副熱帶高空急流短時間尺度增強的機理研究
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                        10.3969/2017jms.0084
                    
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基金項目:國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（41430426，41605072）；公益性行業(yè)（氣象）專項資助項目（GYHY201306025）

Study on the mechanism of short-time scale increase of the East Asian subtropical upper-level jet stream

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本文利用中尺度非靜力模式WRF輸出的高時空分辨率模擬資料研究了東亞副熱帶高空急流（EASJ）短時間尺度強度變化特征，并結(jié)合大氣運動方程解釋了EASJ增強的可能機制。結(jié)果表明，在6 h時間間隔內(nèi)，急流區(qū)緯向風(fēng)增量的水平尺度大于2 000 km。急流軸北側(cè)高頻擾動較少，南側(cè)出現(xiàn)大量高頻擾動，相應(yīng)地，急流軸北側(cè)緯向風(fēng)大尺度整體增強，而急流軸南側(cè)緯向風(fēng)增量正值區(qū)中還存在水平尺度為幾百公里的負(fù)值區(qū)。高頻擾動的周期約為1~6 h，向東傳播速度為20~40 m·s^-1，與慣性重力波相似。造成EASJ短時間尺度增強的主要物理因子為水平平流作用和非地轉(zhuǎn)效應(yīng)。水平平流項和非地轉(zhuǎn)項量級相同，但變化趨勢幾乎相反。兩者之和的量值與緯向風(fēng)局地加速度項相近。此外，垂直平流作用對EASJ強度變化也有一定貢獻(xiàn)。

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In this paper, the characteristics of the short-time scale variation of the East Asian Subtropical Upper-level Jet Stream (EASJ) were studied by use of the high spatial-temporal resolution simulation data output of the nonhydrostatic mesoscale model WRF. The possible mechanism for the EASJ intensification is explained in light of the atmospheric motion equation. The results indicate that the horizontal scale of zonal wind increment is greater than 2 000 km in the 6 h time interval. Few high-frequency disturbances occur to the north side of EASJ axis, while many occur to the south. Correspondingly, the intensity of zonal wind on the north side of the EASJ axis increases in a large scale, while a negative value area with a horizontal scale of several hundred kilometers still exits in the positive value area of zonal wind increment on the south side of the EASJ axis. The period of high frequency disturbance is about 1-6 h, and the eastward propagation speed is 20-40 m·s^-1, which is similar with that of the inertial gravity wave. The main physical factors that contribute to the short-term scale increase of EASJ are horizontal advection and ageostrophic effects. The magnitude of the horizontal advection term is the same as that of the ageostrophic term. However, the variation trends of those two factors are basically opposite. The magnitude of the sum of the two is similar to the local acceleration term of the zonal wind. In addition, the vertical advection also contributes to the change in EASJ intensity.

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陳憲,鐘中,盧偉,孫源.東亞副熱帶高空急流短時間尺度增強的機理研究.氣象科學(xué),2018,38(6):790-797 CHEN Xian, ZHONG Zhong, LU Wei, SUN Yuan. Study on the mechanism of short-time scale increase of the East Asian subtropical upper-level jet stream. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2018,38(6):790-797

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收稿日期:2017-10-20
最后修改日期:2017-11-13
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-01-30
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