臺(tái)風(fēng)“Chanchu”變性過(guò)程位渦及鋒生特征分析

doi:10.3969/2018jms.0061

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臺(tái)風(fēng)“Chanchu”變性過(guò)程位渦及鋒生特征分析
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                        10.3969/2018jms.0061
                    
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基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（41875070；41530427；41275002）；云南省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃-社會(huì)發(fā)展項(xiàng)目（2018BC007）；北極閣開放研究基金-南京大氣科學(xué)聯(lián)合研究中心（NJCAR2018MS02）；江蘇省"333高層次人才培養(yǎng)工程"

Characteristic analysis of potential vorticity and frontogenesis of extratropical transition for typhoon “Chanchu”

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摘要:

利用非靜力中尺度WRF模式輸出的0601號(hào)"Chanchu"臺(tái)風(fēng)模擬資料分析了臺(tái)風(fēng)變性過(guò)程中的結(jié)構(gòu)演變特征，并從位渦的角度，利用濕位渦方程對(duì)"Chanchu"變性過(guò)程中強(qiáng)度減弱但卻能引發(fā)強(qiáng)風(fēng)暴雨的原因進(jìn)行了探討。分析表明：臺(tái)風(fēng)在變性過(guò)程中，尺度逐漸增大并與東移南下的高空槽不斷接近，在與高空槽相互作用之前，臺(tái)風(fēng)眼壁及外圍雨帶雷達(dá)回波減弱，最大風(fēng)速減小，最大風(fēng)速半徑圈向外拓展；高低層位渦相接之后，由于高層正位渦的下傳攜帶冷空氣侵入臺(tái)風(fēng)，在低層鋒區(qū)上誘發(fā)出氣旋性環(huán)流，進(jìn)而重新引發(fā)強(qiáng)對(duì)流，并在角動(dòng)量的輸送作用下，臺(tái)風(fēng)外圍環(huán)流風(fēng)速再次增大。變性后高空槽和臺(tái)風(fēng)在位相上仍有一定距離，高空槽僅與臺(tái)風(fēng)的外圍環(huán)流相互作用，冷空氣沒有入侵臺(tái)風(fēng)內(nèi)部，這是"Chanchu"沒有重新加強(qiáng)的原因之一。利用鋒生函數(shù)對(duì)引起鋒生的各分量進(jìn)行分析，結(jié)果顯示非絕熱加熱是造成鋒生的主要原因，散度和變形項(xiàng)的貢獻(xiàn)次之，傾斜項(xiàng)對(duì)鋒生幾乎沒有貢獻(xiàn)。

Abstract:

This paper uses data from numerical simulations of the non-hydrostatic mesoscale model WRF on typhoon "Chanchu" (0601) to investigate the structural evolution characteristics of Extratropical Transition (ET), and uses the moist potential vorticity equation to discuss why weakening typhoon "Chanchu" can still cause heavy storm during ET from the perspective of Potential Vorticity (PV). The analysis shows that "Chanchu" gradually expands and becomes nearly collocated with the upper trough upstream moving southeasterly. Before the interaction between trough and typhoon, the maximum wind speed decreases and RMW expands outward, accompanied by the reduction of radar reflectivity of eyewall and outer rain bands. After the upper-level and lower-level PVs meet, the cyclonic circulation is induced in the front area of the lower layer due to incursion of cold air associated with downward transportation of positive-PV from upper-level, and then the deep convection is retriggered. Under the transportation effect of the angular momentum, the wind speed of peripheral circulation of typhoon increases once again. After ET, there is still a certain distance in phase between the trough and typhoon. The upper trough only interacts with peripheral circulation of the typhoon and the cold air fails to intrude into the TC inner area, which is one of the reasons why "Chanchu" does not reintensify. The contribution of the four contributing terms to frontogenesis is analyzed based on frontogenesis function, the result shows that the diabatic heating term is the main contributor to frontogenesis, followed by the divergence and deformation terms, while the tilting term is negligible.

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廖玥,王詠青,張秀年.臺(tái)風(fēng)“Chanchu”變性過(guò)程位渦及鋒生特征分析.氣象科學(xué),2019,39(1):12-22 LIAO Yue, WANG Yongqing, ZHANG Xiunian. Characteristic analysis of potential vorticity and frontogenesis of extratropical transition for typhoon “Chanchu”. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2019,39(1):12-22

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收稿日期:2018-01-08
最后修改日期:2018-05-31
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-03-18
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