蘇州市一次重霾污染天氣過程的數(shù)值模擬

doi:10.3969/2018jms.0046

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蘇州市一次重霾污染天氣過程的數(shù)值模擬
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                        10.3969/2018jms.0046
                    
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基金項目:江蘇省科技支撐計劃項目（BE2014734）；昆山市社會發(fā)展科技計劃項目（KS1459）

Numerical simulation on a heavy haze pollution weather process in Suzhou City

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本文對蘇州地區(qū)2015年12月13-15日發(fā)生的一次典型的重霾污染天氣過程進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬，分析了顆粒物及其組分的時空變化特征及其氣象影響因子，以期為該區(qū)域空氣污染治理和預(yù)防提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。結(jié)果表明：（1）利用WRF-Chem模式對此次重霾污染天氣過程的污染氣體成分進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬后發(fā)現(xiàn)，小時平均的PM_2.5、PM₁₀、CO、SO₂、NO₂模擬值與實測值的相關(guān)系數(shù)較高，達(dá)到0.68以上，通過了P<0.01的顯著性檢驗，且日變化過程對應(yīng)也較好。（2）通過分析此次污染過程的天氣背景，發(fā)現(xiàn)污染形成期高空環(huán)流比較平直，中層為均勻的弱高壓控制，地面受弱高壓脊控制，這種形勢容易導(dǎo)致顆粒物的堆積。后期地面等壓線密集時，風(fēng)速大，有利于污染物的輸送與擴(kuò)散。（3）通過分析此次污染過程期間氣象要素的變化發(fā)現(xiàn)，有逆溫、風(fēng)速小、相對濕度大等不利的氣象條件是導(dǎo)致此次污染過程發(fā)生的重要原因之一。（4） HYSPLIT軌跡分析顯示，此次重霾過程主要受北方大范圍灰霾顆粒物南下影響，北方污染氣團(tuán)逐步南推，14至15日本地大氣擴(kuò)散條件差、污染物累積，最終導(dǎo)致本地污染加重，從而發(fā)生重霾事件。（5）火點(diǎn)圖的分布進(jìn)一步驗證了此次重霾污染過程是由外來污染氣團(tuán)輸入所導(dǎo)致。

Abstract:

With the constant acceleration of urbanization in Suzhou and the rapid growth of particulate pollutions, the health of the residents have been seriously affected. In order to provide a scientific basis for air pollution controlling and prevention in this area, this paper conducts a numerical simulation for a typical heavy haze pollution event which occurred in Suzhou region during the period from 13 to 15 Dec. in 2015, to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the particulates and their components and their meteorological impact factors. The results showed: (1) After analysis on the numerical simulation results of the pollutant gas components in the heavy haze pollution weather process from WRF-Chem model, it was found that there was a highpositive correlation between the simulated values and the observed values of hourly average PM_2.5, PM₁₀, CO, SO₂ with the correlation coefficients higher than 0.68 (they passed the significance test of P<0.01). The correspondence of their diurnal variations was also good. (2) The analysis of the weather backgrounds during this polluting process indicated that high-altitude circulation during pollution formation period is relatively straight, the middle layer is controlled by uniform weak high-pressure, and the ground is controlled by weak high-pressure ridges. this situation was conducive to the accumulation of particulates. When the ground isobars were dense later, the wind speed became great, which was conducive to the transportation and diffusion of pollutants. (3) The investigation of meteorological factors changes in the process displayed that the adverse weather conditions such as small wind speed, temperature inversion and high relative humidity were one of the important causes of the pollution process. (4) The trajectory calculation results from HYSPLIT revealed that the pollution process was mainly affected by the large scale southward movement of haze weather from the north China. The north pollution air mass pushed southward gradually. The local diffusion condition was poor during the period from 14 to 15 Dec. in 2015 and the local pollutants were accumulated. All of these above factors led to the aggravation of pollution and the occurrence of the heavy haze weather process in Suzhou. (5) The distribution of fire points further verified that this heavy haze pollution process was resulted from the input of extraneous pollution air mass.

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吳珂,包云軒,蔡敏,金建平,牛利,嚴(yán)明良.蘇州市一次重霾污染天氣過程的數(shù)值模擬.氣象科學(xué),2019,39(1):104-116 WU Ke, BAO Yunxuan, CAI Min, JIN Jianping, NIU Li, YAN Mingliang. Numerical simulation on a heavy haze pollution weather process in Suzhou City. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2019,39(1):104-116

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收稿日期:2017-08-09
最后修改日期:2018-04-04
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-03-18
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