一次東移型高原切變線過程的擾動(dòng)動(dòng)能特征

doi:10.3969/2018jms.0067

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一次東移型高原切變線過程的擾動(dòng)動(dòng)能特征
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                        10.3969/2018jms.0067
                    
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中圖分類號:P458
基金項(xiàng)目:國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（41675057；41765003；41675042）；國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（2018YFC1507200）

Eddy kinetic energy characteristics of an eastward plateau shear line

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摘要:

利用NCEP FNL（1°×1°）全球分析資料，采用動(dòng)能梯度的定義和擾動(dòng)動(dòng)能方程，對2014年8月25-27日初生于青海省東南部之后東移到四川省中部產(chǎn)生天氣影響過程的高原切變線進(jìn)行了能量診斷分析。結(jié)果表明：在高原切變線發(fā)生發(fā)展時(shí)，切變線的位置和強(qiáng)的地轉(zhuǎn)偏差及動(dòng)能梯度大值區(qū)相對應(yīng)，動(dòng)能梯度模值的水平、垂直分布和相應(yīng)的散度分布一致，可以反映切變線的基本結(jié)構(gòu)特征；引入動(dòng)能梯度有助于從能量變化視角來理解高原切變線的發(fā)展演變。擾動(dòng)動(dòng)能大值區(qū)的分布和切變線的走向一致，在切變線發(fā)展初期，擾動(dòng)動(dòng)能明顯增大。擾動(dòng)動(dòng)能平流項(xiàng)和正壓轉(zhuǎn)換項(xiàng)的值都比較小，不足以反映切變線演變過程中的能量變化，而斜壓轉(zhuǎn)換項(xiàng)和擾動(dòng)位勢平流項(xiàng)是擾動(dòng)動(dòng)能收支的主導(dǎo)項(xiàng)；在切變線成熟階段，擾動(dòng)有效位能向擾動(dòng)動(dòng)能的轉(zhuǎn)換最大，斜壓轉(zhuǎn)換項(xiàng)是高原切變線發(fā)展過程中能量轉(zhuǎn)換的重要途徑，有利于切變線上的上升運(yùn)動(dòng)加強(qiáng)。擾動(dòng)動(dòng)能趨勢項(xiàng)可以較好預(yù)示切變線的發(fā)展態(tài)勢，擾動(dòng)非地轉(zhuǎn)位勢通量及其散度對高原切變線的生消及移動(dòng)具有較好的指示意義。

Abstract:

Using NCEP FNL (1°×1°)global analysis data, with the definition of kinetic energy gradient and eddy kinetic energy equation, a plateau shear line was diagnostically analyzed in the aspect of energy from August 25 to August 27, 2014. The plateau shear line first occurs in the southeast of Qinghai Province and then move eastward to the central of Sichuan Province, affecting the weather. The results show that:when the plateau shear line occurs and evolves, the location of it corresponds with the strong geostrophic deviation and large-value area of kinetic energy gradient, and the horizontal and vertical distribution of the kinetic energy gradient are consistent with the corresponding distribution of divergence, which reflect the basic structure of the shear line. The introduction of kinetic energy gradient is conducive to understanding the development and evolution of plateau shear line from the perspective of energy change. The distribution of large-value area of eddy kinetic energy is consistent with the direction of the shear line. During the early stage of shear line development, the eddy kinetic energy increases obviously. The values of the eddy kinetic energy advection and the barotropic transformation are too small to explain the transformation of the eddy kinetic energy during the evolution of the shear line. The baroclinic transformation and the eddy potential advection dominate the eddy kinetic energy budget. During the mature period of the shear line, the most available eddy potential energy is converted to the eddy kinetic energy. The baroclinic conversion is an important way of energy conversion during the development of plateau shear line, and it is conducive to the intensification of the ascending motion on the shear line. Eddy kinetic energy trend item can better predict the development trend of the shear line. Eddy ageostrophic geopotential flux and its divergence have good implications of the formation, disappearance and movement of the plateau shear line.

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羅瀟,李國平.一次東移型高原切變線過程的擾動(dòng)動(dòng)能特征.氣象科學(xué),2019,39(2):226-236 LUO Xiao, LI Guoping. Eddy kinetic energy characteristics of an eastward plateau shear line. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2019,39(2):226-236

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收稿日期:2017-11-16
最后修改日期:2018-03-06
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-06-01
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