南京青奧會開幕式期間人工減雨作業(yè)對雨滴譜的影響分析

doi:10.3969/2018jms.0031

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南京青奧會開幕式期間人工減雨作業(yè)對雨滴譜的影響分析
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                        10.3969/2018jms.0031
                    
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中圖分類號:P48
基金項目:國家自然科學基金資助項目（41675028；41275043）；江蘇高校優(yōu)勢學科建設工程資助項目（PAPD）

Impact analysis for artificial rain reduction operation on raindrop spectrum of the opening ceremony of the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing

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本文利用南京青奧會開幕式期間的OTT雨滴譜儀觀測資料、探空數(shù)據(jù)和地面降雨及雷達等資料，結合火箭減雨作業(yè)的時間和地點，通過人工減雨作業(yè)對雨滴譜的影響分析來評估開幕式期間人工減雨作業(yè)的效果。首先以奧體中心為目標區(qū)域，利用探空數(shù)據(jù)分析火箭減雨作業(yè)的最佳高度和作業(yè)點與奧體中心的最佳距離，所得結果與實際作業(yè)情況一致。然后，利用實測雨滴譜擬合滴譜廓線，計算雨滴粒子平均直徑、中數(shù)直徑等特征直徑，對比南京站點人工減雨作業(yè)前后時刻的雨滴譜變化；再擬合各時刻的雨滴粒子總數(shù)濃度、雨滴譜譜型參數(shù)γ（反映雨滴粒子尺度分布），將人工減雨作業(yè)后同時段內(nèi)的南京站點與蕪湖站點的雨滴譜作比較分析。結果發(fā)現(xiàn)人工減雨作業(yè)后，南京站點的雨滴譜較作業(yè)前譜寬變窄，直徑小于1 mm的小滴粒子占比增加，大于1 mm的大滴粒子減少，雨滴粒子各特征直徑均小于作業(yè)前；同時段內(nèi)南京站點雨滴粒子總數(shù)濃度、質(zhì)量加權平均直徑在減雨作業(yè)影響時段內(nèi)均小于蕪湖站點，而譜型參數(shù)γ總體大于蕪湖，且隨時間變化趨勢與蕪湖站點相反。這些特征表明人工減雨作業(yè)明顯改變了雨滴譜分布，有效減小了雨滴群中的大粒子，從而抑制了降雨的發(fā)展，起到減雨效果。

Abstract:

In order to ensure a successful opening ceremony of the Youth Olympic Games in the Nanjing Olympic Sports Center on August 16, 2014, the meteorological department carried out the artificial rain reduction. Combined with the time and place of the rocket rain reduction operation, the observational data of OTT raindrop spectrometer, air sounding data, ground precipitation and radar data were used to estimate the effect of artificial rain reduction operation through analyzing the impact of artificial rain reduction operation on raindrop spectrum. Firstly, the Nanjing Olympic Sports Center was taken as the target area, and the air sounding data was used to evaluate the best operation height and the optimal distance between the operating point and the Olympic Center. The calculated results are consistent with the actual values. Then, the raindrop spectrum profile is fitted by the measured raindrop spectrum, and the average diameter and median diameter of raindrops were calculated to find the changes of raindrop spectrum before and after the artificial rain reduction operation; further, the total concentration and spectral parameters γ (reflecting the size distribution of raindrops) of raindrops at each time were fitted to compare and analyze the raindrop spectrums of Nanjing station and Wuhu station at the same time after artificial rain reduction operation. It turns out that after the artificial rain reduction operation, the width of raindrop spectrum at Nanjing station becomes narrower; the number of small droplets with the diameter less than 1mm increases; the number of large droplets with the diameter greater than 1 mm reduces; the diameters of all raindrops after the artificial rain reduction are smaller than those before the operation. At the same time, the total concentration and mass weighted average diameter of raindrops in Nanjing station are both less than those in Wuhu station in the period affected by the rain reduction operation, but the spectral parameter γ of raindrops in Nanjing station is larger than that in Wuhu station, and the trend of change with time is opposite to that of Wuhu station. These features indicate that the artificial rain reduction operation obviously changed the raindrop spectrum distribution, and effectively reduced the large raindrops, thus mitigating the rain tendency and reducing the rainfall.

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潘雯菁,吳奕霄,周嘉健,王振會.南京青奧會開幕式期間人工減雨作業(yè)對雨滴譜的影響分析.氣象科學,2019,39(2):237-246 PAN Wenjing, WU Yixiao, ZHOU Jiajian, WANG Zhenhui. Impact analysis for artificial rain reduction operation on raindrop spectrum of the opening ceremony of the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2019,39(2):237-246

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收稿日期:2017-12-24
最后修改日期:2018-03-14
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-06-01
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