一次東北冷渦下槽后強風與颮線后向入流演變及成因分析

doi:10.3969/2018jms.0060

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一次東北冷渦下槽后強風與颮線后向入流演變及成因分析
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                        10.3969/2018jms.0060
                    
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中圖分類號:P458.123
基金項目:國家自然科學基金重點資助項目（41530427）；江蘇省高校自然科學研究重大項目（14KJA170005）；災害天氣國家重點實驗室開放課題（2014LASW-B08）；中國氣象科學研究院災害天氣國家重點實驗室（2015LASW-A07）

Cause and evolution analysis of rear inflow in a squall line with the influence of strong wind after trough of Northeast cold vortex

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本文利用NCEP分析資料、多普勒雷達觀測資料、常規(guī)氣象觀測資料以及數(shù)值模擬結果，對2016年7月30日發(fā)生在華北、遼寧附近的一次強颮線過程中后向入流的演變及成因進行研究。結果表明，此次颮線發(fā)生在中緯度新生冷渦槽前，低層有水汽輻合區(qū)和地面輻合線對應，且過程中伴有較強的對流有效位能釋放。颮線后部中層（冷渦槽后）一直存在α中尺度西風大值帶，此大風速帶造成了上下層相反的水平渦度，并形成喇叭形環(huán)流結構，該結構不同于經(jīng)典颮線結構。颮線后部水平方向上水平渦度分布不均勻，并形成水平渦度旋度上正下負的分布，即導致中層強風區(qū)上部上升運動、下部下沉運動，該下沉運動引發(fā)颮線中的后向入流和低層強風速帶形成。在中層，颮線的后部邊緣始終有較強的風速大值帶伴隨颮線的發(fā)展，該大值帶的形成與對流強弱和非熱成風渦度有關，對流過程中低層非熱成風渦度為負，中上層非熱成風渦度為正，導致颮線后部中層西風加速和低層西風減速，有利于后向入流的發(fā)展和颮線的維持，當對流減弱時，非熱成風渦度與后向入流均減弱。文中給出了后向入流形成演變的概念模式。

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By using the NCEP analysis data, Doppler radar observation data, conventional meteorological observation data and the numerical simulation results, the evolution and causes of rear inflow during a squall line, occurred in North China and Liaoning area on July 30, 2016, have been investigated. The investigation shows that squall line occurred in front of the trough line of mid-latitude new Northeast cold vortex, where lower layer has water vapor convergence and wind convergence line on surface, which is accompanied by strong convection effective potential energy release. There is meso-a-scale westerly wind belt in the middle of the back of the squall line (and behind of trough of Northeast cold vortex), which results in the opposite horizontal vorticity and trumpet circulation structure in the vertical direction. The negative vorticity of horizontal vorticity in the middle-lower layers, which is favorable for the formation of the sinking motion, leading to the real inflow and strong wind zone in the lower layer, which formats and develops the squall line; meanwhile, the positive vorticity of horizontal vorticity of middle-upper layers is favorable to the ascending movement. The structure is different from the classical squall line structure. In the middle of squall line rear edge, there is a strong wind speed area with the development of the squall line. The formation of the strong wind speed area is connection with the convection strength and non-thermal wind vorticity. When convection develops strongly, there are negative non-thermal wind vorticity in the lower layer and positive in higher layer, which results in the rear westerly acceleration in middle layer and deceleration in lower layer and is favorable for the strengthening of rear inflow and convergence of airflow in front of convection system. On the contrary, when the convection is weakened, so do the non-thermal vorticity and rear inflow. The conceptual module of formation and evolution of rear inflow has been analyzed in paper.

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張樂楠,丁治英,王詠青,張璐.一次東北冷渦下槽后強風與颮線后向入流演變及成因分析.氣象科學,2019,39(4):488-501 ZHANG Lenan, DING Zhiying, WANG Yongqing, ZHANG Lu. Cause and evolution analysis of rear inflow in a squall line with the influence of strong wind after trough of Northeast cold vortex. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2019,39(4):488-501

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收稿日期:2018-01-06
最后修改日期:2018-05-29
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-08-31
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