云南4次熱帶系統(tǒng)影響強(qiáng)對(duì)流風(fēng)暴衛(wèi)星云圖和地閃特征

doi:10.3969/2018jms.0042

首頁 > 過刊瀏覽>2019年第39卷第4期 >502-514. DOI:10.3969/2018jms.0042

云南4次熱帶系統(tǒng)影響強(qiáng)對(duì)流風(fēng)暴衛(wèi)星云圖和地閃特征
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                        10.3969/2018jms.0042
                    
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中圖分類號(hào):P412.27
基金項(xiàng)目:國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（41265001）；云南省科技惠民專項(xiàng)（2016RA096；2014RA002）

Satellite cloud picture and CG lightning characteristics of strong convective storms with four times of tropical systems influencing in Yunnan

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摘要:

利用NCEP再分析氣象資料及FY-2E衛(wèi)星云圖、地閃、地面自動(dòng)站和氣象災(zāi)情等資料對(duì)熱帶系統(tǒng)影響下的4類強(qiáng)對(duì)流風(fēng)暴衛(wèi)星云圖特征和地閃演變規(guī)律進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明：西移北抬的赤道輻合帶、副高、熱帶低壓等熱帶系統(tǒng)外圍偏東、西南和東北氣流為強(qiáng)對(duì)流風(fēng)暴發(fā)生發(fā)展提供有利環(huán)流背景及充足水汽和較高的對(duì)流有效位能，800 hPa中尺度輻合線及風(fēng)隨高度順轉(zhuǎn)和高層反氣旋低層氣旋的垂直流場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)為強(qiáng)對(duì)流風(fēng)暴提供動(dòng)力條件；在高能高濕環(huán)境條件下，由于輻合抬升作用，對(duì)流單體生成、不斷長大、有規(guī)律排列、相互合并發(fā)展成不同大小和形狀的單單體風(fēng)暴、多單體風(fēng)暴、颮線、MCC，結(jié)構(gòu)密實(shí)和不均勻，伴隨激烈地閃的同時(shí)產(chǎn)生冰雹大風(fēng)和短時(shí)強(qiáng)降水等強(qiáng)對(duì)流天氣；4種類型強(qiáng)對(duì)流風(fēng)暴云頂亮溫與總、負(fù)、正閃頻數(shù)隨時(shí)間演變規(guī)律基本一致，正、負(fù)地閃活躍程度能表征強(qiáng)對(duì)流風(fēng)暴發(fā)展演變狀況，與云頂亮溫之間存在較好的相關(guān)關(guān)系，總（負(fù)）地閃頻數(shù)演變趨勢(shì)與云頂亮溫演變趨勢(shì)相反。

Abstract:

By using NCEP reanalysis meteorological data, FY-2E satellite data, CG lightning data, automatic ground station data and meteorological disaster data, the satellite nephogram characteristics and the CG lightning evolution rules of four types of severe convective storms were analyzed under the influence of tropical systems. When tropical systems such as the equatorial convergence zone, the subtropical high and the tropical depression move to the west and the north, the easterly, southwestern and northeastern air currents around them provide favorable circulation background, sufficient water vapor and higher convective available potential energy for the development of severe convective storms, and the 800 hPa mesoscale convergence line and the vertical flow field contracture which the wind is clockwise with height and the anticyclone on the high level superimposes the cyclones on the low level provide dynamic conditions for severe convective storm. Under the condition of high energy and high humidity, due to the role of convergence and uplift, small convection cells generate, grow gradually, arrange regularly and merge with each other to develop into single storm, multi-cell storm, squall line and MCC of different sizes and shapes, whose structures are dense and uneven. They can not only produce furious CG lightning, but also produce hailstorm, gale and short-time heavy rainfall. The evolution of the cloud top temperature and the total, negative and positive lightning frequency with time are consistent for four types of strong convective storm, positive and negative CG lightning activity can characterize strong convective storm development and evolution, which has good correlation with cloud top temperature. Total (negative) CG lightning evolution is contrary to the trend of cloud top temperature evolution.

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張杰,張騰飛.云南4次熱帶系統(tǒng)影響強(qiáng)對(duì)流風(fēng)暴衛(wèi)星云圖和地閃特征.氣象科學(xué),2019,39(4):502-514 ZHANG Jie, ZHANG Tengfei. Satellite cloud picture and CG lightning characteristics of strong convective storms with four times of tropical systems influencing in Yunnan. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2019,39(4):502-514

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收稿日期:2018-01-07
最后修改日期:2018-04-06
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-08-31
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