青藏高原近地層熱低壓結構特征分析

doi:10.3969/2018jms.0073

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青藏高原近地層熱低壓結構特征分析
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                        10.3969/2018jms.0073
                    
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基金項目:國家自然科學基金資助項目（91537214；41775072；41505078）；四川省教育廳重點項目（16ZA0203）；成都信息工程大學中青年學術帶頭人科研基金（J201516；J201518；J201711）；成都信息工程大學校引進人才啟動基金（KYTZ201639）

Analysis of the structural characteristics of the Tibetan Plateau heat low

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利用1996-2015年ERA-Interim月平均再分析資料，根據(jù)環(huán)流形勢及位勢高度空間距平場，將青藏高原近地層熱低壓分為初生階段，成熟階段及衰弱階段，對不同時期熱低壓的動力、熱力、水平、垂直結構進行研究。結果表明：初生階段（5月）熱低壓范圍小且獨立性較差；成熟階段（6-8月）熱低壓穩(wěn)定而強盛，主要控制范圍為（30°~36°N，77°~96°E）；衰弱階段（9月）低壓區(qū)范圍縮小并北抬。熱低壓高度可達500~450 hPa，其內(nèi)部為正渦度、負散度區(qū)，受上升氣流控制。熱低壓是暖干結構，越接近地面中心暖干特征越明顯。初生階段，偏西的上升氣流較強，暖心結構隨高度東傾；成熟階段暖心最強可達4℃，暖心與低壓區(qū)趨于重合，呈正壓特征；至衰弱階段，暖心結構再次東傾，熱低壓厚度降低。熱低壓控制范圍內(nèi)以冷平流為主，東側存在暖平流。水汽輻合帶位于熱低壓中心及其東側。5月，高原感熱加熱作用為熱低壓建立提供良好條件；夏季，降水釋放潛熱加熱高原上空大氣，利于熱低壓發(fā)展得更為深厚，高原東部強的潛熱加熱使熱低壓范圍向東延伸。

Abstract:

Based on the circulation situation and the geopotential height space anomaly filed,the Tibetan Plateau heat low is divided into the primary stage, the mature stage and the weakening stage, and the dynamic,thermal,horizontal and vertical structural characteristics of the heat low in different stages are analyzed by using ERA-Interim reanalysis data from 1996 to 2015. The results show that in the primary stage (May),the range of heat low is small and lack of independence. The heat low of the mature stage (June-August) is stable and strong,and its main control range is (30°-36°N, 77°-96°E). In weakening stage (September), heat low zone is narrowed and lifted northward. The heat low reaches 500-450 hPa with positive vorticity and convergence zone inside, which is controlled by updraft. The heat low is a warm-dry structure. The closer to the ground, the more obvious the warm-dry feature is. In the primary stage, the westerly updraft is stronger and the warm-core structure is inclined to the east. The temperature of warm-core is up to 4℃ in the mature stage, warm-core and the low pressure center tend to coincide, presenting a equivalent barotropic structure. During the weakening stage, the warm-core structure is tilted eastward and the thickness of the heat low is reduced. Within the heat low control range, the cold advection is dominant, and warm advection only exists in its east side. The water vapor convergence zone is located in the central and the east side of the heat low. In May, the sensible heat flux provides good conditions for the establishment of heat low. In summer, the latent heat released by precipitation heats the atmosphere above the plateau, which is conducive to the deeper development of the heat low. The strong latent heat heating on the eastern side of the plateau extends the heat low range eastward.

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何莉陽,范廣洲,賴欣,張永莉.青藏高原近地層熱低壓結構特征分析.氣象科學,2019,39(5):654-665 HE Liyang, FAN Guangzhou, LAI Xin, ZHANG Yongli. Analysis of the structural characteristics of the Tibetan Plateau heat low. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2019,39(5):654-665

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收稿日期:2018-04-09
最后修改日期:2018-07-08
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-11-11
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