基于微雨雷達(dá)的六盤山區(qū)地形云降水宏微觀特征觀測分析

doi:10.3969/2018jms.0099

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基于微雨雷達(dá)的六盤山區(qū)地形云降水宏微觀特征觀測分析
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                        10.3969/2018jms.0099
                    
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基金項(xiàng)目:國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目（41775139）；寧夏回族自治區(qū)重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（2019BEG03001）；寧夏自然基金（NZ1732）

Observation and analysis on the macroscopic and microcosmic characteristics of topography, cloud and precipitation in Liupan Mountain area based on micro rain radar

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利用2017年6-11月寧夏六盤山區(qū)收集的微雨雷達(dá)和微波輻射計(jì)等探測資料，對比分析了六盤山區(qū)山脊和山谷對流云降水、層狀云和淺積云降水過程中的云微物理特征及亮帶，針對典型層狀云降水事件山脊和山谷站的亮帶及以下各層的雨滴譜分布特征，探索了亮帶以上幾層水凝物的分類。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：六盤山區(qū)三類降水云山脊的反射率及反射率衰減程度均高于山谷，表明地形強(qiáng)迫使得山脊降水云的物理和動(dòng)力過程較山谷更劇烈，層狀云降水過程中山脊0℃等溫線以上的反射率明顯高于山谷，表明山脊在0℃等溫線以上有更多水凝物。分析一次典型層狀云降水過程發(fā)現(xiàn)：六盤山區(qū)降水液滴自亮帶下落的過程中，碰并過程占主導(dǎo)；亮帶以下各層DSD符合Gamma分布，山脊站Gamma分布的相關(guān)性比山谷站強(qiáng)且擬合優(yōu)度更優(yōu)；降水開始的前3 min，推測-4~0℃等溫線之間的水凝物主要是霰，此后水凝物主要是雪顆粒和霰，而山谷在降水開始的前5 min，-4~0℃等溫線層之間的水凝物主要是雪顆粒和較大的霰，此后水凝物主要是霰。

Abstract:

Detection data, from the Micro Rain Radar (MRR-2) and microwave radiometer situated in Liupan Mountain area, southern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, were used to explore the cloud microphysical and Bright Band (BB) characteristics of convective cloud, stratiform cloud and shallow cloud precipitation in ridge and valley in Liupan Mountain area. According to the distribution characteristics of raindrop spectrum in the bright zone of mountain ridges and valleys and the layers below the bright zone in typical stratiform cloud precipitation events, the classification of hydraulic condensate in the layers above the bright zone were explored. The results showed that the reflectivity and reflectivity attenuation of three kinds of precipitation clouds in Liupan Mountain ridges were higher than those in valleys, indicating that terrain forcing made the physical and dynamic processes of precipitation clouds on ridges more intense than those in valleys. The reflectivity above the isotherm of 0℃ of the ridges was obviously higher than that of the valleys in the process of stratiform cloud precipitation, which indicated that there were more hydrates in the ridge above the isotherm of 0℃. Specifically, a stratiform precipitation event that occurred in 28 July 2017 featured a BB was studied. It was found that during the event, the Drop Size Distribustion(DSD) in each layer below the BB conformed to the Gamma distribution, the correlation of Gamma distribution of the ridge stations was better than that of the valley stations of the Liupan Mountain area. Meanwhile, according to the falling velocity characteristics of various hydrometeors, this paper attempted to classify the hydrometeors in each layer between -4℃ and 0℃ isotherms above the BB. It was found that at the beginning of the precipitation event, the graupel was dominant at the ridge stations, and the main hydrometeors were snow particles and graupel then after, while the snow particles and large graupel were dominant at the beginning of the precipitation event at the valley stations, and graupel was the main hydrometeors in each layer then after.

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曹寧,張立新,桑建人,姚展予,馬寧,田磊.基于微雨雷達(dá)的六盤山區(qū)地形云降水宏微觀特征觀測分析.氣象科學(xué),2019,39(6):775-785 CAO Ning, ZHANG Lixin, SANG Jianren, YAO Zhanyu, MA Ning, TIAN Lei. Observation and analysis on the macroscopic and microcosmic characteristics of topography, cloud and precipitation in Liupan Mountain area based on micro rain radar. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2019,39(6):775-785

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收稿日期:2018-05-13
最后修改日期:2018-12-09
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-01-07
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