高溫和臺風(fēng)影響下的蘇州城市粗糙子層湍流通量特征

doi:10.12306/2019jms.0049

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高溫和臺風(fēng)影響下的蘇州城市粗糙子層湍流通量特征
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                        10.12306/2019jms.0049
                    
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中圖分類號:P404
基金項目:江蘇省氣象局重點科研項目（KZ201803）；中國氣象局氣候變化專項（CCSF201932；CCSF201820）；江蘇省氣象局重點科研項目（KZ201706）

Turbulence characteristics in roughness sublayer of Suzhou under the influence of high temperature and typhoon

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摘要:

利用蘇州地區(qū)2011年12月20日—2012年8月13日的湍流觀測資料對不同季節(jié)、高溫、臺風(fēng)強天氣過程下的湍流特征進行分析。結(jié)果表明：城市地區(qū)不同季節(jié)動量通量、感熱通量、潛熱通量日變化明顯，各通量的夏季平均值、最大值均高于冬春季，夏季感熱通量日最大值為160.2 W·m^-2，感熱在城市地表能量平衡中的作用大于潛熱，各季節(jié)潛熱通量平均值僅為感熱通量的40%~45%。降水量和植被覆蓋度影響地表能量平衡，尤其影響地表熱量在感熱和潛熱之間的分配。在高溫天氣過程中，感熱通量增加明顯，其峰值約是夏季平均的1.93倍。由于水汽較少，潛熱通量明顯減少，約為夏季日平均值的60%。速度三分量譜中u譜與w譜在低頻區(qū)存在兩個峰值，說明在城市復(fù)雜下墊面里，湍流激發(fā)機制中存在低頻過程的影響。在臺風(fēng)天氣過程中，動量通量大且變化快，感熱輸送弱，潛熱輸送波動大。速度譜w基本不符合"-5/3"次律，慣性子區(qū)最小且向高頻移動，這和臺風(fēng)內(nèi)部的復(fù)雜上升下沉氣流有關(guān)。

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The observation data of Suzhou from December 12, 2011 to August 13, 2012 was used to discuss the turbulence characteristics of different seasons and typical weather processes. Results show that: the diurnal variations of momentum fluxes, sensible heat fluxes and latent heat fluxes are obvious in different season in urban area. The average and maximum values of each flux in summer are higher than those in winter and spring,and the maximum sensible heat fluxes in summer is 160.2 W·m^-2. The latent heat flux accounts for about 40%-45% of the sensible heat flux, which proved that sensible heat plays a greater role in urban surface energy balance than latent heat. Precipitation and vegetation coverage affect surface energy balance, especially affecting the distribution of surface heat between sensible heat and latent heat. During the process of high-temperature weather, the sensible heat flux increases significantly, and its peak value is about 1.93 times the summer average. Although the heat is sufficient, the latent heat flux is significantly reduced due to less water vapor. It is about 60% of the summer average. There are two peaks of u spectrum and w spectrum in the low frequency region, which shows low-frequency processes contribute to the turbulence development of complex underlying surface. During the process of typhoon, the momentum flux is large and the change is fast, the sensible heat transport is weak, the latent heat transport is fluctuating and the strong upwards and downwards exchanges exist. The w spectrum in inertial subzone basically does not meet the "-5/3" law, it moves to the high frequency area. This may be related to the complex ascending or sinking airflow inside the typhoon.

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陳燕,周學(xué)東,汪寧,惠品宏,朱焱.高溫和臺風(fēng)影響下的蘇州城市粗糙子層湍流通量特征.氣象科學(xué),2021,41(1):60-69 CHEN Yan, ZHOU Xuedong, WANG Ning, HUI Pinhong, ZHU Yan. Turbulence characteristics in roughness sublayer of Suzhou under the influence of high temperature and typhoon. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2021,41(1):60-69

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收稿日期:2019-07-01
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