臺(tái)風(fēng)“利奇馬”期間蘇州大暴雨物理量 診斷和微物理特征分析

doi:10.12306/2019jms.0070

首頁 > 過刊瀏覽>2021年第41卷第2期 >143-152. DOI:10.12306/2019jms.0070

臺(tái)風(fēng)“利奇馬”期間蘇州大暴雨物理量 診斷和微物理特征分析
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                        10.12306/2019jms.0070
                    
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中圖分類號(hào):P444
基金項(xiàng)目:江蘇省氣象局預(yù)報(bào)員專項(xiàng)(JSYBY201814);蘇州市氣象局自立課題(SZKJ201701)

Physical quantity diagnosis and microphysical characteristics analysis of heavy rainstorm process in Suzhou during typhoon “Lekima”

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摘要:

采用日本氣象廳的最佳臺(tái)風(fēng)路徑及強(qiáng)度資料、NCEP/NCAR逐6 h細(xì)網(wǎng)格再分析數(shù)據(jù),分析了"利奇馬"暴雨影響相關(guān)的云水含量、假相當(dāng)位溫、水汽通量散度、Q矢量、濕位渦等物理量;通過蘇州雨滴譜資料,分析降雨強(qiáng)度、雨滴數(shù)密度、雨滴平均直徑、雨滴含水量、雷達(dá)反射率因子、雨滴譜寬等微物理量特征。結(jié)果表明降水落區(qū)位于環(huán)境垂直風(fēng)切變順切的左側(cè)。暴雨期間能量和水汽條件較好,低層Q矢量梯度使輻合上升增強(qiáng),且其非對(duì)稱性對(duì)暴雨落區(qū)有指示意義,濕位渦的發(fā)展也有利于暴雨的加強(qiáng);另外,微物理分析表明冷云降水機(jī)制使降水效率大幅提高,雨滴譜能較好地反映臺(tái)風(fēng)降水特征,強(qiáng)降水主要由層狀云中嵌入的對(duì)流降水引起。強(qiáng)降水時(shí)段雨滴譜的相關(guān)微物理量等都呈現(xiàn)較大值。

Abstract:

Based on optimal typhoon track and intensity data from Japan Meteorological Agency and fine reanalysis data from NCEP/NCAR with interval of 6 hours, cloud water content, pseudo-equivalent potential temperature, vapor flux divergence, ageostrophic Q-vector and humidity potential vorticity during typhoon "Lekima" heavy rainstorm were analyzed. Meanwhile the data of raindrop spectrum was also adopted to analyze the precipitation intensity, number density, mean diameter, rain water content, radar reflectivity and the width of raindrop spectrum in the heavy rainstorm process in Suzhou during typhoon Lekima. The heavy rainstorm weather process in Suzhou during typhoon "Lekima" was analyzed in this paper. Results show that the precipitation area is located in the left of the environmental vertical wind shear. The condition of energy and water vapor is well during rainstorm. Q-vector gradient in the lower layer enhances the convergence and ascending motion. The asymmetry of the Q-vector gradient leads to the asymmetrical rainfall area. In addition, the development of the moist potential vorticity contributes to the strengthening of precipitation intensity. Furthermore, microphysical analysis shows that cold cloud precipitation mechanism plays an important role in precipitation efficiency, and raindrop size distribution can well reflect the precipitation characteristics of "Lekima". Severe precipitation is mainly caused by convective precipitation embedded in stratiform cloud. Some microphysical quantities of Raindrop Size Distribution (RSD) have great performance during severe precipitation period.

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郭小浩,何琰,曹舒婭,趙靜嫻,吳玥,李睿,陳紓楊.臺(tái)風(fēng)“利奇馬”期間蘇州大暴雨物理量診斷和微物理特征分析.氣象科學(xué),2021,41(2):143-152 GUO Xiaohao, HE Yan, CAO Shuya, ZHAO Jingxian, WU Yue, LI Rui, CHEN Shuyang. Physical quantity diagnosis and microphysical characteristics analysis of heavy rainstorm process in Suzhou during typhoon “Lekima”. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2021,41(2):143-152

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收稿日期:2019-09-20
最后修改日期:2019-11-20
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-14
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