樂清以北登陸臺風(fēng)“利奇馬”和“阿貝”造成 溫州強降水差異的環(huán)境場特征分析

doi:10.12306/2019jms.0066

首頁 > 過刊瀏覽>2021年第41卷第2期 >153-161. DOI:10.12306/2019jms.0066

樂清以北登陸臺風(fēng)“利奇馬”和“阿貝”造成 溫州強降水差異的環(huán)境場特征分析
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                        10.12306/2019jms.0066
                    
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中圖分類號:P458.1+24
基金項目:華東區(qū)域氣象科技協(xié)同創(chuàng)新基金合作項目(QYHZ201807); 浙江省氣象局科技計劃項目(2017ZD08);蒼南縣科技項目(2020N01)

Analysis of environmental field characteristics for the difference of heavy rainfall in Wenzhou caused by typhoon “Lekima” and “Abe” landed on north of Yueqing

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利用常規(guī)觀測資料、加密自動站資料、中國氣象局(CMA)熱帶氣旋最佳路徑數(shù)據(jù)集和歐洲氣象中心ECMWF逐6 h的0.125°×0.125°資料,分析樂清以北登陸的1909號超強臺風(fēng)"利奇馬"和9015號臺風(fēng)"阿貝"影響溫州強降水的分布特征,以及造成溫州南北暴雨強度差異的環(huán)境場特征。結(jié)果表明:(1)"利奇馬"和"阿貝"臺風(fēng)的環(huán)境場特征相似,副高平均脊線位置高,研究區(qū)內(nèi)臺風(fēng)主體沒有與冷空氣結(jié)合,降水主要由臺風(fēng)螺旋雨帶造成;(2)臺風(fēng)登陸前動力場均存在中高層弱輻合和低層弱輻散,且東冷西暖的θ_se平流結(jié)構(gòu)有利于強降水的維持,中高層水汽通量散度強度大于-4×10^-5g·cm^-2·hPa^-1·s^-1的區(qū)域與暴雨落區(qū)的形態(tài)和位置對應(yīng)良好,中低層Q矢量輻合區(qū)和大暴雨落區(qū)對應(yīng)良好;(3)臺風(fēng)過程累積雨量與臺風(fēng)中心距離和地形高度具有顯著相關(guān)關(guān)系,溫州北部雨量增幅比南部大;(4)該路徑造成溫州南北部降水差異大,北部暴雨量級比南部大、降水持續(xù)時間比南部長,北部樂清和永嘉交界的迎風(fēng)坡出現(xiàn)超歷史極值降水現(xiàn)象概率大。

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By using the conventional observation data, encrypting automatic station data, the best path data set of the tropical cyclone of China Meteorological Administration (CMA) and the 0.125°×0.125°data of ECMWF every six hours, the distribution characteristics of heavy rainfall in Wenzhou cased by 1909 super typhoon "Lekima" and 9015 typhoon "Abe" landed on north of Yueqing, and the characteristics of environmental field causing the difference of rainstorm intensity between North and South of Wenzhou werecomparatively analyzed. Results show that: (1) the environmental characteristics of "Lekima" and "Abe" are similar. The mean ridge of subtropical anticyclone locates at high latitude. Typhoons are not combined with cold air,and the precipitation is mainly caused by spiral rain belt of the typhoons; (2) before typhoons land, the weak divergence in the middle and upper atmosphere and weak convergence in the lower atmosphere appear. θ_se greater than 355 K and the structure of θ_se advection cold in east and warm in west are in favor to maintain heavy rainfall. The area where the water vapor flux divergence intensity in the middle and upper layers greater than -4×10^-5 g·cm^-2·hPa^-1·s^-1 corresponds well with the shape and location of the rainstorm area, and the Q vector convergence area in the middle and lower layerscorrespond well with the rainstorm area; it is significant correlation of the accumulated rainfall from the shortest distance between the station and the typhoon center and the terrain height; (4) different from the southern and northern of Wenzhou, the kind of typhoon landing path causes precipitation. In the north, the rainstorm magnitude is larger and the duration of precipitation is longer. In the windward slope between Yueqing and Yongjia, the occurring probability of historical extreme precipitation phenomenon is big.

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萬小雁,何萍,陳瑩,朱寧寧,鄭峰.樂清以北登陸臺風(fēng)“利奇馬”和“阿貝”造成溫州強降水差異的環(huán)境場特征分析.氣象科學(xué),2021,41(2):153-161 WAN Xiaoyan, HE Ping, CHEN Ying, ZHU Ningning, ZHENG Feng. Analysis of environmental field characteristics for the difference of heavy rainfall in Wenzhou caused by typhoon “Lekima” and “Abe” landed on north of Yueqing. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2021,41(2):153-161

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收稿日期:2019-09-20
最后修改日期:2019-11-18
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-14
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