山東一次颮線過程的閃電特征和大風形成機制分析

doi:10.12306/2020jms.0012

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山東一次颮線過程的閃電特征和大風形成機制分析
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                        10.12306/2020jms.0012
                    
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中圖分類號:P458.2
基金項目:國家自然科學基金資助項目(41375120);中國氣象局預報員專項(CMAYBY2017-042);山東省氣象局專項(SDYBY2019-14;2018sdqxm17)

Analysis of lightning characteristics and formation mechanism of strong wind in a squall line in Shandong

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利用閃電定位資料、多普勒雷達資料和衛(wèi)星資料分析2016年6月13日發(fā)生在山東的一次颮線天氣過程的地閃變化特征和大風形成機制,結果表明:本次過程發(fā)生在東北冷渦影響背景下,大氣層結上冷下暖,隨著層結不穩(wěn)定性逐漸增強和不穩(wěn)定能量的積蓄,在較強的深厚垂直風切變環(huán)境下觸發(fā)強對流風暴進而組織成颮線。整個颮線過程中負地閃占主導地位,約占地閃總數(shù)的89.25%;在颮線的成熟階段,負地閃頻數(shù)達到最大峰值后的5~10 min,正地閃也出現(xiàn)最大峰值;負地閃主要出現(xiàn)在回波發(fā)展至成熟階段,多發(fā)生在>45 dBZ的強回波區(qū)域中;正地閃主要出現(xiàn)在颮線的成熟至消散階段;當TBB達到最低值時,颮線達到最強盛階段,地閃頻數(shù)達頂峰。利用WINDEX計算的地面最大風速的潛勢與觀測的地面極大風速較接近;地面大風階段對應著劇烈的閃電活動,冰雹大風等災害性天氣的最強時刻與正地閃的峰值出現(xiàn)時間較為一致。

Abstract:

By using lightning localization data, Doppler radar data and satellite data, the characteristics of ground flash and the formation of strong winds in a squall line weather process occurred in Shandong on 13 June 2016 were analyzed. Results show that: the process occurs under the influence of the Northeast cold vortex, the atmosphere is cold above and warm below, and with the gradual instability of the stratification and the accumulation of unstable energy, a strong convective storm is triggered in a deep vertical wind shear environment and then organized into a squall line. Negative ground flash dominates the entire squall line, accounting for 89.25% of the total number of ground flashes; at the maturity stage of the squall line, the maximum flash peak occurs at 5-10 minutes after the negative ground flash frequency reachs the maximum peak; the ground flash mainly occurs in the echo-to-mature phase, which occurs mostly in the strong echo region of >45 dBZ; the positive flash mainly occurs in the stages of mature to dissipated phase of the squall line; when the TBB reach the lowest value, the squall line reaches the strongest. At the peak stage, the frequency of the ground flash reach its peak. The potential of the maximum wind speed calculated by WINDEX is close to the observed maximum surface wind speed; the ground windy stage corresponds to the intense lightning activity, the strongest moment of the severe weather such as hailstorm and the peak time of the positive flash Consistently, this provides a certain reference value for monitoring and warning of severe weather.

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朱義青,高安春.山東一次颮線過程的閃電特征和大風形成機制分析.氣象科學,2021,41(2):191-199 ZHU Yiqing, GAO Anchun. Analysis of lightning characteristics and formation mechanism of strong wind in a squall line in Shandong. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2021,41(2):191-199

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收稿日期:2019-01-02
最后修改日期:2020-03-25
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-14
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