江西省夏季降水年際變化的機(jī)理研究

doi:10.12306/2021jms.0024

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江西省夏季降水年際變化的機(jī)理研究
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                        10.12306/2021jms.0024
                    
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中圖分類號:P426.6
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The mechanism research of interannual variation of summer precipitation in Jiangxi Province

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通過對觀測資料和大氣再分析資料的診斷分析,研究了影響江西省夏季降水變率的物理機(jī)制。結(jié)果表明江西省夏季降水存在顯著的年際變率。極端條件下,降水偏多的夏季可達(dá)降水偏少的夏季的降水量的三倍。中緯度地區(qū)的準(zhǔn)靜止波列和熱帶關(guān)鍵海區(qū)的海溫異常是造成江西夏季降水異常的主要原因。當(dāng)江西省夏季降水偏多時(shí),歐亞大陸地區(qū)存在"正—負(fù)—正"的準(zhǔn)正壓Rossby波列結(jié)構(gòu),位于貝加爾湖的正活動中心能引導(dǎo)干冷空氣南下,從而有利于江南地區(qū)的鋒生和江西降水的增加。此外,當(dāng)江西省夏季降水偏多時(shí),前期冬季中東太平洋地區(qū)有El Niño事件的活動,并能通過大氣橋在夏季印度洋地區(qū)形成正海溫異常。通過"印度洋電容器"機(jī)制,印度洋的暖海溫能激發(fā)向東傳播的Kelvin波,引起菲律賓地區(qū)降水的減少。菲律賓地區(qū)抑制的降水能激發(fā)向北傳播的EAP/PJ波列,使得西太平洋副熱帶高壓西伸增強(qiáng),從而有利于水汽向江南地區(qū)的輸送,并造成江西夏季的降水增加。

Abstract:

Based on observation and reanalysis datasets, the physical mechanism of summer rainfall variabilities in Jiangxi Province was analyzed. Results show that the summer rainfall in Jiangxi presents significant interannual variability. The rainfall amount in the wettest summer can be about triple of that in the driest summer. The stationary Rossby wave in the middle latitudes and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomaly in the key tropical ocean are responsible for the summer rainfall variabilities. When the summer rainfall is above normal, an positive-negative-positive equivalent-barotropic Rossby wave persists in the Eurasia. The high-pressure action center near the Lake Baikal favors cold and dry air moving southward, thus lead to the frontogenesis and more rainfall in Jiangxi. In addition, when the summer rainfall in Jiangxi is enhanced, El Niño events also persist over the eastern and central Pacific in the preceding winter. The positive SST anomalies over the eastern and central Pacific can induce positive summertime SST anomalies over the Indian Ocean through atmosphere bridge. The positive SST anomalies in the Indian Ocean can emanate eastward propagating Kelvin wave through the Indian Ocean capacitor mechanism and reduce the convective activities in the Philippines. The reduced rainfall in the Philippines can excite northward propagating EAP/PJ wave train and cause westward shift and the strengthening of western Pacific subtropical high. As a result, the water vapor transporting to the southern China enhances and the summer rainfall in Jaingxi increases.

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汪甫,郭建茂,葉曉歆,胡康,林嘉寶,趙奕.江西省夏季降水年際變化的機(jī)理研究.氣象科學(xué),2021,41(2):253-258 WANG Fu, GUO Jianmao, YE Xiaoxin, HU Kang, LIN Jiabao, ZHAO Yi. The mechanism research of interannual variation of summer precipitation in Jiangxi Province. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2021,41(2):253-258

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收稿日期:2020-10-21
最后修改日期:2021-01-26
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-14
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