冬季東北冷渦的時(shí)空變化特征

doi:10.12306/2020jms.0036

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冬季東北冷渦的時(shí)空變化特征
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                        10.12306/2020jms.0036
                    
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中圖分類號(hào):P42
基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（41575070；41075070）；公益性行業(yè)（氣象）科研專項(xiàng)（GYHY201306028）；江蘇高校優(yōu)勢(shì)學(xué)科建設(shè)工程（PAPD）

Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of northeast cold vortex in winter

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基于1967—2017年美國(guó)環(huán)境預(yù)報(bào)中心和國(guó)家大氣研究中心（NCEP/NCAR）的逐日再分析資料及英國(guó)氣象局哈德來(lái)中心（Hadley Centre）的海溫資料，通過(guò)計(jì)算冬季東北冷渦結(jié)構(gòu)的特征指數(shù)并利用經(jīng)驗(yàn)正交函數(shù)分解等方法，研究了冬季東北冷渦的時(shí)空變化特征及其與環(huán)流和海溫變化的聯(lián)系。結(jié)果表明：（1）冬季東北冷渦具有顯著的年際變化與年代際變化特征，各指數(shù)年際分量的方差貢獻(xiàn)率較大；冷渦強(qiáng)度與經(jīng)、緯度呈正相關(guān)，且經(jīng)、緯度之間呈正相關(guān)；（2）年際尺度第一模態(tài)反映了冬季東北冷渦氣候平均位置以南為正（負(fù)）異常而以北為負(fù)（正）異常的南北反位相變化特征，第二模態(tài)反映了冬季東北冷渦在氣候平均位置附近強(qiáng)度一致增強(qiáng)（強(qiáng)弱）的變化特征，而年代際尺度主要反映在第一模態(tài)，即冬季東北冷渦在氣候平均位置附近強(qiáng)度一致增強(qiáng)（強(qiáng)弱）的變化特征；（3）北大西洋濤動(dòng)（North Atlantic Oscillation， NAO）和西大西洋遙相關(guān)型（Western Atlantic， WA）的位相轉(zhuǎn)換可能與年代際尺度冬季東北冷渦的強(qiáng)度強(qiáng)弱變化有關(guān)。

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Based on the daily reanalysis data of NCEP/NCAR and the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data of Met Office Hadley Centre from 1967 to 2017, the characteristic index of northeast cold vortex structure in winter was calculated and the EOF decomposition method was used to study the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of northeast cold vortex in winter as well as its relationship with circulation and SST. Results show that (1) in winter, the northeast cold vortex has a significant interannual and interdecadal variation, and the interannual components of each index have a greater contribution to the variance; the intensity of cold vortex is positively correlated with latitude and longitude, and positively correlated with latitude and longitude. (2) The EOF results show that the first mode of interannual scale reflects that the northeast cold vortex in winter has a pair of North-South reverse phase characteristics of the climatic mean position with the south as a positive (negative) anomaly and the north as a negative (positive) anomaly, while the overall negative (positive) anomaly area of the second mode reflects the change of the strength of the cold vortex intensity at the average climate position. The interdecadal scale is mainly reflected in the first mode, namely, the intensity of the cold vortex intensity changes in the average position of the climate reflected by the overall negative (positive) anomaly area. (3) Further correlation analysis shows that the phase transition of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Western Atlantic (WA) teleconnection is related to the strength of the northeast cold vortex in winter on the interdecadal scale.

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劉德昊,朱偉軍.冬季東北冷渦的時(shí)空變化特征.氣象科學(xué),2021,41(3):331-338 LIU Dehao, ZHU Weijun. Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of northeast cold vortex in winter. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2021,41(3):331-338

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收稿日期:2019-10-25
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-07-05
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