一次東移西南渦過程的平流層重力波特征研究

doi:10.12306/2022jms.0001

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一次東移西南渦過程的平流層重力波特征研究
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                        10.12306/2022jms.0001
                    
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中圖分類號:P433
基金項目:國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(41975066;42005053);湖南省科技創(chuàng)新計劃項目(2021RC3072);國防科技大學(xué)科研計劃項目(ZK21-46)

Characteristics of stratospheric gravity waves in an eastward moving southwest vortex process

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基于WRF模式對2011年6月16—19日一次東移西南渦過程的模擬,開展了西南渦激發(fā)平流層重力波的特征研究。東移西南渦可以分為發(fā)展、強(qiáng)盛和減弱3個階段,每個階段均伴隨著強(qiáng)降雨天氣,但由于降水位置和強(qiáng)度的不同,平流層重力波的分布和強(qiáng)度也不同。西南渦發(fā)展階段,平流層重力波主要位于低渦的東側(cè),并向東北傳播;西南渦強(qiáng)盛階段,伴隨對流降水的強(qiáng)度和范圍明顯增大,平流層重力波的振幅和范圍也顯著增大,且圍繞西南渦的東側(cè)和南側(cè)呈現(xiàn)出半環(huán)狀的重力波分布特征可分為兩支,東側(cè)波動波列表現(xiàn)為東北西南向分布,南側(cè)的波列表現(xiàn)為東—西向分布;西南渦減弱階段,重力波的振幅和范圍均減小。波譜分析表明,重力波的緯向波數(shù)頻率譜關(guān)于零頻率呈非對稱分布,且隨著西南渦的增強(qiáng),波譜在小尺度范圍顯著增大,即強(qiáng)對流更容易激發(fā)出小尺度的高頻波;經(jīng)向波數(shù)頻率譜在波數(shù)較小譜段關(guān)于零頻率基本呈對稱分布,但在波數(shù)較大譜段,也呈非對稱分布,這說明受平流層?xùn)|風(fēng)氣流的影響,重力波主要向東傳播。

Abstract:

The characteristics of stratospheric gravity waves generated by the southwest vortex from June 16 to 19, 2011 were investigated by using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The eastward moving southwest vortex can be divided into three stages:development stage, mature stage and decaying stage. Each stage is accompanied with heavy rainfall, and the stratospheric gravity waves show different distribution and intensity due to the distinct location and magnitude of precipitation. In the development stage of the southwest vortex, the stratospheric gravity waves are mainly located in the east of the southwest vortex, which propagate northeastward. During the mature stage of the southwest vortex, the intensity and range of convective precipitation enhance obviously, while the amplitude and range of stratospheric gravity waves also increase significantly. Besides, these semi-annular waves around the east and south of the southwest vortex can be divided into two branches. The wave on the east side is distributed in the northeast-southwest direction, and the wave on the south side is distributed in the east-west direction. During the decaying stage of the southwest vortex, the main amplitude and wavelength are reduced correspondingly. The spectral analysis shows that the zonal wave number-frequency spectrum of the gravity waves is asymmetrically distributed with respect to the zero frequency. The sptectrum increases significantly in the small-scale range with the enhancement of the southwest vortex, which indicates that strong convection is easier to generate small-scale high-frequency waves. The meridional wave number frequency spectrum mainly presents symmetrical distribution about the zero frequency in the small wave number, but it also presents asymmetric distribution in the large wave number. This also illustrates that the gravity waves mainly propagate eastward under the influence of the stratospheric easterly flow.

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余世旺,張立鳳,王羱.一次東移西南渦過程的平流層重力波特征研究.氣象科學(xué),2022,42(1):33-43 YU Shiwang, ZHANG Lifeng, WANG Yuan. Characteristics of stratospheric gravity waves in an eastward moving southwest vortex process. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2022,42(1):33-43

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收稿日期:2021-12-24
最后修改日期:2022-01-05
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-06-01
出版日期: 2022-05-30

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