前散式和透射式能見度儀的綜合觀測試驗 及對比分析

doi:10.12306/2021jms.0016

首頁 > 過刊瀏覽>2022年第42卷第2期 >225-234. DOI:10.12306/2021jms.0016

前散式和透射式能見度儀的綜合觀測試驗 及對比分析
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                        10.12306/2021jms.0016
                    
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中圖分類號:P415.3
基金項目:交通運輸行業(yè)重點科技項目(2018-MS4-102);江蘇省氣象局北極閣基金項目(BJG201701);江蘇省科技支撐計劃(BE2015732);國家公益性行業(yè)(氣象)科研專項(GYHY201306043);中國氣象局氣象探測中心觀測試驗項目(RWS-SY2022032)

Comprehensive observation experiment and comparative analysis of the forward scattering visibility meter and atmospheric transmission visibility meter

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通過在野外觀測基地和能見度計量檢測實驗室開展的前散式和透射式能見度儀對比觀測試驗,獲取了能見度和其他氣象與環(huán)境要素的同步觀測數(shù)據(jù),分析了不同大氣環(huán)境條件下能見度測量值差異及其產生原因。結果表明:在能見度環(huán)境模擬艙內,兩種能見度儀的測量值具有較好的一致性,但在自然環(huán)境中,兩種能見度儀的測量值差異隨能見度上升而快速增大。在不同天氣現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)時,前向散射儀與大氣透射儀的測量值比值(VIS_FS/VIS_T)規(guī)律性變化明顯,總體呈現(xiàn)隨能見度上升而增大的趨勢。無降水時,低濕情況下大氣顆粒物吸收作用明顯,透射能見度儀測量值遠小于前散能見度儀測量值,兩者均隨PM_2.5質量濃度的增加而下降,且其差異也隨之減小;高濕情況下大氣顆粒物的散射作用在大氣消光中占絕對優(yōu)勢,兩種能見度儀測量值趨近。

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Based on the comparative observation experiment of the forward scattering visibility meter and the atmospheric transmission visibility meter carried out in field observation base and the visibility measurement and testing laboratory, the observational data of visibilities and other meteorological and environmental data were obtained during simultaneous observations.The differencesof visibility measurementbetween two visibility meters and mechanism behind under different atmospheric conditions werefurther discussed.The results show thatthe observational results obtained from the two visibility meters had good consistency in the visibility environment simulation cabin, while the difference between the twovisibility meters increased rapidly with the increase of visibility in natural environments. Moreover, significant regular changesof the ratio ofthe measured values of the forward scattering visibility meter and the atmospheric transmission visibility meter (VIS_FS/VIS_T) were seenunder different atmospheric conditions, i.e.the ratio generally increased with the increase of visibility.When there was no precipitation, the absorption coefficient of atmospheric particulate matter under low humidity conditions was not negligible, and it was manifested that the measured value ofthe transmission visibility meter was much smaller than that ofthe forward scattering visibility meter. The measured values of the two visibility meters both decreased with the increase of the PM_2.5 mass concentration, and their differences were also gradually reduced simultaneously.The scattering coefficient of atmospheric particulate matter under high humidity conditions had an absolute advantage in atmospheric extinction, leading to close measured value of the two kinds of the visibility meter.

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王惠穎,祖繁,袁成松,包云軒,吳泓,褚進華.前散式和透射式能見度儀的綜合觀測試驗及對比分析.氣象科學,2022,42(2):225-234 WANG Huiying, ZU Fan, YUAN Chengsong, BAO Yunxuan, WU Hong, CHU Jinhua. Comprehensive observation experiment and comparative analysis of the forward scattering visibility meter and atmospheric transmission visibility meter. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2022,42(2):225-234

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收稿日期:2020-10-15
最后修改日期:2020-11-29
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-05-31
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