8月中國低緯高原水汽輸送過程及其與降水量極端異常的聯(lián)系

doi:10.12306/2020jms.0058

首頁 > 過刊瀏覽>2022年第42卷第3期 >368-376. DOI:10.12306/2020jms.0058

8月中國低緯高原水汽輸送過程及其與降水量極端異常的聯(lián)系
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                        10.12306/2020jms.0058
                    
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中圖分類號:P426.6
基金項目:河北省科技計劃重點研發(fā)項目(19210310D)

The moisture transportation process in low latitude plateau of China and its relation with precipitation extreme anomalies in August

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利用1979—2010年ERA-Interim再分析資料、全球降水氣候中心(Global Precipitation Climate Center,GPCC)的降水量資料和站點降水觀測資料,通過引入水汽貢獻率和水汽通過率,構建描述降水量對水汽源地蒸發(fā)量的敏感性指數(shù)等方法,揭示了8月流入低緯高原水汽的輸送過程的氣候特征,及其與8月低緯高原降水量極端異常的聯(lián)系。結(jié)果表明:(1)8月流入低緯高原水汽的重要源地是中南半島北部和華南一帶的陸地區(qū)域,以及北部灣和孟加拉灣北部西南至東北的狹長海面。(2)8月流入低緯高原水汽的主要輸送通道有兩條:孟加拉灣上空狹長的西南季風;經(jīng)17°N附近偏東季風在南海西北部110°E附近發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)向后的東南季風。那加丘陵和中南半島北部的縱向嶺谷明顯阻擋了兩支水汽輸送通道。(3)8月流入低緯高原水汽主要受大氣環(huán)流影響,受水汽源地蒸發(fā)量的直接影響有限。當流入低緯高原水汽異常偏多(少)時,使得可降水量偏多(少),最終導致降水量偏多(少)。

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By using the ERA-Interim reanalysis data, precipitation data provided by the Global Precipitation Climate Center (GPCC) and the precipitation at weather stations from 1979-2010, the sensitivity index describing the precipitation to the evaporation of water vapor source was constructed, which reveals the climatic characteristics of the water vapor transport process into the low latitude plateau in August and its relationship with the extreme anomaly of precipitation on the low latitude plateau in August. Results show that (1) the important sources of water vapor flowing into the low latitude plateau in August are the land areas in the north of Indochina Peninsula and South China, as well as the narrow sea surface from southwest to northeast in the Beibu Gulf and the north of the Bay of Bengal. (2) There are two main transport channels of water vapor flowing into the low latitude plateau in August:the narrow southwest monsoon over the Bay of Bengal; after the easterly monsoon near 17°N, it turns to the southeast monsoon near 110°E in the northwest of the South China Sea. The Naga Hills and the longitudinal mountains and valleys in the north of Indochina Peninsula obviously block the two water vapor transmission channels. (3) The water vapor flowing into the low latitude plateau in August is mainly affected by the atmospheric circulation and is limited by the evaporation of the water vapor source. When the abnormal water vapor flowing into the low latitude plateau is too much (less), the precipitable amount is too much (less), and finally the precipitation is too much (less).

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王萌,尹澤疆,李彩紅,豆京華,張衛(wèi)紅.8月中國低緯高原水汽輸送過程及其與降水量極端異常的聯(lián)系.氣象科學,2022,42(3):368-376 WANG Meng, YIN Zejiang, LI Caihong, DOU Jinghua, ZHANG Weihong. The moisture transportation process in low latitude plateau of China and its relation with precipitation extreme anomalies in August. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2022,42(3):368-376

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收稿日期:2020-04-20
最后修改日期:2020-06-20
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-15
出版日期: 2022-06-25

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