Influence of initial outer-core size and diabatic heating on the secondary eyewall formation of tropical cyclones

doi:10.12306/2022jms.0060

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初始外圍尺度與加熱對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)次眼墻形成的影響
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                        10.12306/2022jms.0060
                    
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中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):P444
基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(42192555)

Influence of initial outer-core size and diabatic heating on the secondary eyewall formation of tropical cyclones

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摘要:

臺(tái)風(fēng)次眼墻位于主眼墻外側(cè),由次對(duì)流環(huán)和低層切向風(fēng)次極大值兩個(gè)基本結(jié)構(gòu)組成。本文通過(guò)一系列理想數(shù)值試驗(yàn)討論了不同初始渦旋外圍風(fēng)場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)次眼墻形成的影響作用以及關(guān)鍵動(dòng)力學(xué)過(guò)程。結(jié)果表明,次眼墻形成的時(shí)間和位置與初始渦旋外圍尺度顯著相關(guān):隨著外圍尺度遞減,臺(tái)風(fēng)從形成完整雙眼墻、偽雙眼墻到?jīng)]有雙眼墻逐步過(guò)渡,次眼墻形成時(shí)間推遲且位置更加靠近臺(tái)風(fēng)中心。動(dòng)力學(xué)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),初始外圍尺度可控制外雨帶分布,雨帶的非絕熱加熱主導(dǎo)了主眼墻外圍邊界層徑向入流和絕對(duì)渦度徑向輸送的分布和大小。絕對(duì)渦度徑向輸送和摩擦耗散的相對(duì)大小及位置決定了次眼墻低層切向風(fēng)次極大值出現(xiàn)的可能性和位置。動(dòng)量強(qiáng)迫對(duì)低層切向風(fēng)次極大值的大小仍有貢獻(xiàn)。

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The secondary eyewall of a tropical cyclone is located outside the primary eyewall and consists of two basic characters: a secondary convective-ring and a secondary tangential wind maximum. Based on a series of idealized numerical simulations, this paper investigates the influence of initial wind structures on the Secondary Eyewall Formation(SEF) and the key dynamic process.Resultsindicate that there is a significant correlation between the time and location of the SEF and the initial outer-core size. With decreasing initial outer-core sizes, simulated vortexes undergo canonical SEF, fake SEF and no SEF successively. The time of the SEF becomes later and the location of secondary eyewall becomes closer to the vortex center. Dynamical analysis shows that the initial outer-core size controls the distribution of Outer Rainbands(ORBs). Diabatic heating of ORBs dominates the distributions and intensities of boundary layer inflow and radial flux of absolute vorticity outside the primary eyewall. The relative intensities and positions of this radial flux of absolute vorticity and friction determine the possibility and location of the secondary tangential wind maximum. The momentum forcing can also contribute to the increase of secondary tangential wind maximum.

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林超然,談?wù)苊?初始外圍尺度與加熱對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)次眼墻形成的影響.氣象科學(xué),2022,42(4):427-439 LIN Chao-ran, TAN Zhe-min. Influence of initial outer-core size and diabatic heating on the secondary eyewall formation of tropical cyclones. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2022,42(4):427-439

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收稿日期:2022-05-13
最后修改日期:2022-05-22
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在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2022-10-20
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