2019年7月17日江蘇東南部特大暴雨的 雙偏振雷達(dá)觀測(cè)分析

doi:10.12306/2022jms.0050

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2019年7月17日江蘇東南部特大暴雨的 雙偏振雷達(dá)觀測(cè)分析
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                        10.12306/2022jms.0050
                    
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中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):P458.2
基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(U2142203);中國(guó)氣象局預(yù)報(bào)員專(zhuān)項(xiàng)(CMAYBY2020-045);北極閣開(kāi)放研究基金(BJG202211);深圳市可持續(xù)發(fā)展科技專(zhuān)項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目(KCXFZ20201221173610028)

Microphysical characteristics of the extremely heavy rainstorm observed by Jiangsu polarimetric radars network in southeastern Jiangsu on July 17, 2019

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摘要:

利用S波段雙偏振雷達(dá)數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合再分析數(shù)據(jù)、自動(dòng)氣象站、探空和二維閃電探測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),采用多普勒雷達(dá)風(fēng)場(chǎng)反演和粒子相態(tài)識(shí)別等方法,分析了2019年7月17日江蘇省東南部多站破歷史記錄的超強(qiáng)降水對(duì)流風(fēng)暴的偏振特征和云微物理特征;并選取了打破當(dāng)?shù)貜?qiáng)降水歷史記錄如皋站和潞城站,分析了影響兩站的對(duì)流單體的異同。影響如皋的對(duì)流風(fēng)暴幾無(wú)閃電活動(dòng),對(duì)流質(zhì)心接近地面,上升氣流相對(duì)較弱。且0 ℃和-35 ℃層間霰粒子數(shù)目相對(duì)較少,閃電幾乎不存在。在融化層以下,由于強(qiáng)烈的暖雨過(guò)程,較大的冰相粒子落下并融化和低層雨滴的聚并增長(zhǎng),導(dǎo)致低層雨滴數(shù)量迅速增加,帶來(lái)地面極端強(qiáng)降水。潞城地區(qū)雷暴活動(dòng)明顯,影響其對(duì)流風(fēng)暴發(fā)展旺盛。-35~0 ℃層存在強(qiáng)烈的上升運(yùn)動(dòng),抬升低層大量的液相粒子通過(guò)淞附作用形成的霰,并與高層冰晶不斷碰撞,在云層中形成強(qiáng)大的電場(chǎng),產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的負(fù)閃,且在地面產(chǎn)生了極強(qiáng)的降水。這表明融化層以上的冰相微觀物理過(guò)程,對(duì)于降水的發(fā)生和增強(qiáng)非常重要。

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The microphysics and kinematics of this heavy rainstorm event was analyzed by using algorithms such as Doppler radar wind field inversion and hydrometeor identification algorithm based on the combination of data from polarimetric S-band radars network, reanalysis data, 2-D lightning detection data and observational data from automatic weather stations, laser-optical Particle Size Velocity instrument, as well as sounding, The convective storms, which leading to record-breaking heavy precipitation in Rugao and Lucheng, were selected separately for comparative analysis. Regarding the convective storm affecting Rugao, convective storm extension height was relatively low, and the center of mass was seen closed to the ground. Moreover, the number of graupel particles between the layers at 0 ℃ and -35 ℃ was relatively small, and lightning could be hardly seen. This convective storm was a system of typical warm clouds with very high precipitation efficiency, which caused high concentration of raindrops, especially the presence of large raindrops within a short period of time. For the convective storms affecting Lucheng, the presence of strongest updrafts and a large amount of ice-phase graupel by riming between the 0 ℃ and -35 ℃ layers generated strong negative electric fields within the cloud. The ice-phase microphysical processes above the melting layer also played an important role in the triggering and enhancing of precipitation.

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王坤,王嘯華,夏昕,李敏,顧沛澍,彭小燕.2019年7月17日江蘇東南部特大暴雨的雙偏振雷達(dá)觀測(cè)分析.氣象科學(xué),2022,42(5):610-621 WANG Kun, WANG Xiaohua, XIA Xin, LI Min, GU Peishu, PENG Xiaoyan. Microphysical characteristics of the extremely heavy rainstorm observed by Jiangsu polarimetric radars network in southeastern Jiangsu on July 17, 2019. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2022,42(5):610-621

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收稿日期:2022-01-28
最后修改日期:2022-05-06
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在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2022-11-03
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