"登臺入閩"型臺風(fēng)個例10 m風(fēng)場 特征分析及模擬研究

doi:10.12306/2021jms.0099

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"登臺入閩"型臺風(fēng)個例10 m風(fēng)場 特征分析及模擬研究
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                        10.12306/2021jms.0099
                    
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中圖分類號:P457.8
基金項目:國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFC1401900;2017YFC1404800)

Characteristic analysis and simulation of 10 m wind field of typhoon cases which entering Fujian after landing on Taiwan

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摘要:

通過浮標(biāo)資料和模擬試驗,對比不同路徑下臺風(fēng)的10 m風(fēng)場的時空演變規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明,由于登陸臺灣島位置不同,三種路徑的臺風(fēng)在臺灣海峽內(nèi)風(fēng)場隨時間變化差異較大,北路臺風(fēng)在海峽內(nèi)風(fēng)向轉(zhuǎn)變最早,中路臺風(fēng)風(fēng)速極值出現(xiàn)最早,南路風(fēng)速被削減最明顯。在中尺度數(shù)值模式(Weather Research Forecasting, WRF)模擬試驗中,YSU邊界層參數(shù)方案模擬效果最優(yōu),對于中路臺風(fēng)的模擬效果最好。模擬結(jié)果表明,北路臺風(fēng)在過島過程中,大風(fēng)圈從北部繞過海拔較高的地形,風(fēng)速減弱不明顯;中路和南路臺風(fēng)由于中低層環(huán)流難以過山,強風(fēng)中心通過動力減壓作用出現(xiàn)在背風(fēng)坡,并范圍逐漸增大,取代原中心。地形敏感性試驗表明,受中央山脈影響,在靠近臺灣島時迎風(fēng)面大氣堆積風(fēng)速增強,南路臺風(fēng)的風(fēng)場在登陸福建前受地形阻擋削減最大,中心風(fēng)速減小幅度為20 m·s^-1。

Abstract:

In this paper, attempted to compare the temporal and spatial evolutions of the 10 m wind field of three typical cases of typhoon with different paths based on buoy observations and simulation experiments. Due to the different locations of landing on Taiwan Island, significant variation of the wind fields of three typhoon cases are seen in the Taiwan Strait over time. Among the three typhoon cases, the wind direction of the typhoon on the north side changes the earliest in the Strait, and the extreme wind speed of typhoon in the middle appears earliest, whereas the wind speed of typhoon on the south side reduces most obviously. In the WRF simulation, the YSU boundary layer parameter scheme has the best performance, and the simulation of the typhoon in the middle is the closest to the reality. The simulation results show that the gale circle bypasses the terrain with higher altitude from the north, and the wind speed is not significantly weakened during the typhoon on the northside passing through the island. Typhoon in the middle and south are difficult to cross the mountain due to the low and middle level circulation. The strong wind center appears on the leeward slope through dynamic decompression, and the range increases gradually until replaces the original center. Through the terrain sensitivity test, the results show that the wind speed on the windward side increases when it approaches Taiwan Island due to terrain effect of the central mountain. In addition, the wind field of typhoon on south side can be significant obstructed by the terrain before it lands in Fujian, and the central wind speed decreased by at least 20 m·s^-1.

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李星,李雪丁,曹鈺,朱本璐,陳劍橋."登臺入閩"型臺風(fēng)個例10 m風(fēng)場特征分析及模擬研究.氣象科學(xué),2022,42(5):650-660 LI Xing, LI Xueding, CAO Yu, ZHU Benlu, CHEN Jianqiao. Characteristic analysis and simulation of 10 m wind field of typhoon cases which entering Fujian after landing on Taiwan. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2022,42(5):650-660

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收稿日期:2021-05-20
最后修改日期:2021-11-30
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-11-03
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