太行山地形在“7·19”華北持續(xù)性低渦暴雨中的作用

doi:10.12306/2022jms.0062

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太行山地形在“7·19”華北持續(xù)性低渦暴雨中的作用
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                        10.12306/2022jms.0062
                    
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中圖分類號(hào):P426.611
基金項(xiàng)目:國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(42192553)

The role of Taihang Mountain topography in “7·19” persistent low vortex rainstorm in North China

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摘要:

本文對(duì)2016年"7·19"華北特大暴雨進(jìn)行觀測分析和數(shù)值模擬,并設(shè)置了改變地形高度的敏感性試驗(yàn),以探究該過程降水系統(tǒng)的發(fā)生發(fā)展機(jī)制以及太行山地形的作用。結(jié)果表明:(1)本次強(qiáng)降水過程發(fā)生在"東高西低"的有利環(huán)流形勢下,受太行山地形和平原環(huán)流系統(tǒng)影響,低層?xùn)|風(fēng)急流造成強(qiáng)的對(duì)流性降水和低渦作用的疊置造成"7·19"華北地區(qū)持續(xù)性暴雨的維持和加強(qiáng);(2)第一階段為對(duì)流性降水,太行山東麓大氣對(duì)流不穩(wěn)定能量釋放,大氣逐漸轉(zhuǎn)為穩(wěn)定層結(jié);第二階段為低渦降水,渦度收支分析表明水平散度項(xiàng)和扭轉(zhuǎn)項(xiàng)對(duì)低渦維持和發(fā)展起到了主要的正貢獻(xiàn),同時(shí)伴隨有較強(qiáng)的上升運(yùn)動(dòng)和垂直風(fēng)切變,垂直風(fēng)切變的增強(qiáng)促使水平渦度向垂直渦度轉(zhuǎn)變;(3)太行山地形在持續(xù)性暴雨中對(duì)兩階段降水、低渦和水汽的作用存在差異。地形高度敏感性試驗(yàn)中,地形高度增高對(duì)低層氣流的阻擋和強(qiáng)迫抬升作用增強(qiáng),使得地形降水增強(qiáng),低渦路徑東移,且強(qiáng)度增大。水平散度項(xiàng)使得對(duì)流層低層輻合上升運(yùn)動(dòng)增強(qiáng),造成渦度的垂直輸送,這是低渦發(fā)展和維持的重要原因之一。太行山地形阻擋截留東部平原水汽,且水汽回流加強(qiáng),有利于太行山東麓水汽的輸送與輻合。

Abstract:

Based on ERA-Interim reanalysis data, data from CMORPH and China Automatic station, the observational analysis and numerical simulation of the process were carried out. The sensitivity test of Taihang Mountain topographic height was set up to explore the occurrence and development mechanism of precipitation system and the important role of Taihang Mountain topographic height. Results show that: (1) the heavy rainfall occurred in the favorable circulation situation of "high in the east and low in the west". Influenced by the topography of Taihang mountain and plain circulation system, the superposition of strong convective precipitation and low vortex caused by low-level easterly jet lead to the maintenance and intensification of persistent heavy rain in North China on July 19. (2) In the first stage of convective precipitation, the unstable convective energy of the atmosphere at the eastern piedmont of Taihang Mountain is released, and the atmosphere gradually turns into stable stratification. The second stage of vortex precipitation begins. The horizontal divergence term and torsional term play a major positive role, accompanied by strong upward movement and vertical wind shear. The enhancement of vertical wind shear promotes the transformation from horizontal vorticity to vertical. (3) The topography of Taihang Mountain has different effects on precipitation, vortex and water vapor in the two stages of continuous heavy rain. In the topographic height sensitivity test, the elevation of topographic height enhances the blocking and forced uplift of low-level airflow, which enhances the topographic precipitation, and the vortex path moved eastward and its intensity increased. The horizontal divergence term of relative vorticity enhances the convergence ascending movement in the lower troposphere, resulting in vertical vorticity transportation, which is one of the important reasons for the development and maintenance of low vorticity. The topography of Taihang Mountain blocks and intercepts water vapor in the eastern plain, and water vapor reflux is strengthened, which is conducive to water vapor transport and convergence in the eastern piedmont of Taihang Mountain.

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林慧敏,閔錦忠,朱利劍,徐淵,陶雅琴.太行山地形在“7·19”華北持續(xù)性低渦暴雨中的作用.氣象科學(xué),2023,43(1):46-58 LIN Huimin, MIN Jinzhong, ZHU Lijian, XU Yuan, TAO Yaqin. The role of Taihang Mountain topography in “7·19” persistent low vortex rainstorm in North China. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2023,43(1):46-58

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收稿日期:2022-05-20
最后修改日期:2022-06-01
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-05-15
出版日期: 2023-02-15

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