澳門國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)重著陸事件的天氣背景分析

doi:10.12306/2021jms.0003

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澳門國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)重著陸事件的天氣背景分析
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                        10.12306/2021jms.0003
                    
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中圖分類號(hào):P458.3
基金項(xiàng)目:科技部重點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)(2017YFC1502003)

Weather background analysis of heavy landing event at Macau International Airport

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摘要:

對(duì)2018年8月28日北京首都航空公司CBJ5759航班在澳門國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)發(fā)生重著陸事件分析結(jié)果,顯示:(1)機(jī)場(chǎng)位于低空切變線南側(cè),低空西南急流與海陸地形輻合作用下形成的暖區(qū)局地對(duì)流引發(fā)分散性短時(shí)強(qiáng)降水和弱雷暴;對(duì)流北側(cè)突然增強(qiáng)的偏南風(fēng)使機(jī)場(chǎng)跑道附近順風(fēng)增加,引發(fā)低空風(fēng)切變;(2)高分辨率數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果表明低空風(fēng)切變發(fā)生時(shí)段內(nèi)存在西南急流脈動(dòng),急流北側(cè)的風(fēng)場(chǎng)由西南風(fēng)轉(zhuǎn)為偏南風(fēng),促使海陸邊界的熱力和動(dòng)力不穩(wěn)定條件加強(qiáng),有利于局地對(duì)流系統(tǒng)發(fā)展和其輻散出流增強(qiáng),加速邊界層內(nèi)風(fēng)場(chǎng)變化;(3)當(dāng)飛機(jī)在下降過程中經(jīng)過對(duì)流系統(tǒng)前側(cè)激發(fā)的偏南風(fēng)急流區(qū)時(shí),水平風(fēng)的垂直切變形成的順風(fēng)切變大于垂直風(fēng)變化,增加的順風(fēng)使飛機(jī)空速減小,導(dǎo)致飛機(jī)升力減小并造成重著陸;(4)此次事件中天氣系統(tǒng)的變化通過影響對(duì)流的發(fā)展間接促進(jìn)低空風(fēng)切變的發(fā)生,因此可在對(duì)沿海機(jī)場(chǎng)的低空風(fēng)臨近預(yù)報(bào)時(shí)通過加強(qiáng)對(duì)海上風(fēng)場(chǎng)變化的監(jiān)測(cè)來預(yù)估一定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

Abstract:

On August 28, 2018, Beijing Capital Airlines flight CBJ5759 suffered a hard landing at Macau International Airport. According to the investigation results of Civil Aviation Authority,meteorological conditions in the approach area of Macao International Airport changed significantly when the incident occurred. The unstable airflow at the boundary layer caused severe low-level wind shear, which caused the aircraft to hard landed and damaged. Results show that:(1) the airport was located on the south side of low-altitude shear line,and the local warm convection formed by low-altitude southwestern jet and land-sea convergence caused scattered short-term heavy precipitation and weak thunderstorms. The rapidly increasing southerly wind on the north side of convection increased the tailwind near airport runway, triggered low-level wind shear. (2) High-resolution numerical simulation results showed that there were pulsations of southwest jets during the period of low-level wind shear. The wind direction on the north side of jet had changed from southwest to southerly, which promoted the strengthening of thermal and dynamic unstable conditions at the land-sea boundary. This was conducive to the development of local convective system and the enhancement of its divergent outflow, accelerating the wind changes in boundary layer. (3) When aircraft passed the southerly jet region excited by thermal convection front during the descent, the tailwind shear formed by by the vertical shear of horizontal wind was greater than the vertical wind change. The increasing tail wind reduced the airspeed of aircraft, resulted in a reduction in aircraft lift and a heavy landing.(4) The changes of weather system in this incident indirectly promoted the occurrence of low-level wind shear by affecting the development of convection. Therefore, certain risks can be estimated by strengthening the monitoring of wind changes on the sea when forecasting low-altitude wind at coastal airports.

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蔡雪薇,萬子為,劉鑫華,周康輝,楊波.澳門國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)重著陸事件的天氣背景分析.氣象科學(xué),2023,43(1):118-125 CAI Xuewei, WAN Ziwei, LIU Xinhua, ZHOU Kanghui, YANG Bo. Weather background analysis of heavy landing event at Macau International Airport. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2023,43(1):118-125

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收稿日期:2020-04-24
最后修改日期:2020-10-30
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-05-15
出版日期: 2023-02-15

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