用于氣象站的地表氣溫觀測儀器的設(shè)計與實(shí)驗研究

doi:10.12306/2021jms.0060

首頁 > 過刊瀏覽>2023年第43卷第2期 >177-185. DOI:10.12306/2021jms.0060

用于氣象站的地表氣溫觀測儀器的設(shè)計與實(shí)驗研究
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                        10.12306/2021jms.0060
                    
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中圖分類號:P412.11
基金項目:國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（42275143；41905030）；江蘇省產(chǎn)學(xué)研合作項目（BY2022544）；江蘇省高校大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)訓(xùn)練計劃項目（202210300011Z）；江蘇省氣象局青年基金項目（KQ202107）

Design and experimental study of a surface temperature observation instrument used in meteorological station

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大氣科學(xué)研究對地表氣溫觀測精度有高達(dá)0.1℃甚至0.05℃的需求。然而，現(xiàn)有的地表氣溫觀測儀器受到太陽直接輻射、下墊面反射輻射、長波輻射和散射輻射等影響，輻射誤差可達(dá)1℃。本文設(shè)計了一種基于導(dǎo)流裝置的地表氣溫觀測儀器。首先，利用計算流體動力學(xué)（Computational Fluid Dynamics，CFD）方法量化該儀器在各種環(huán)境條件下的輻射誤差；然后，在此基礎(chǔ)上，利用極限學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)（Extreme Learning Machine，ELM）方法擬合可針對多變量變化的輻射誤差訂正方程；最后，為驗證該儀器的觀測精度，進(jìn)行了外場比對實(shí)驗。在實(shí)驗過程中，以076B型強(qiáng)制通風(fēng)氣溫觀測儀器的測量值作為溫度基準(zhǔn)。實(shí)驗結(jié)果表明，該儀器的平均輻射誤差和最大輻射誤差分別為0.07℃和0.15℃。該儀器輻射誤差的實(shí)驗測量值與訂正方程提供的輻射誤差訂正值之間的平均偏移量、均方根誤差和相關(guān)系數(shù)分別為0.033℃、0.028℃和0.703。

Abstract:

Atmospheric science research requires has a high demand of up to the accuracy of surface air temperature observation to be as high as 0.1℃ or even 0.05℃ for the observation accuracy of surface air temperature. However, due to the effects of various radiations including direct solar radiation, reflected radiation, long-wave radiation, diffuse radiation from the underlying surface, the radiation error of measured result of existing sensors is higher than the actual atmospheric temperature to the order of can reach 1℃. To improve the observation accuracy, a Surface temperature observation instrument with a novel structure is designed in this study. First, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is used to quantify the radiation errors of this instrument under various environmental conditions. Then, on this basis, an extreme learning machine (ELM) method is employed to fit the radiation error correction equation. Finally, in order to verify the measurement accuracy of this new instrument, field observation of air temperature observation experiments are performed carried out. 076B artificially ventilated temperature observation instrument serves as a temperature reference during the experiments. The experimental results demonstrate show that the mean average radiation error and the maximum radiation error are 0.07℃ and 0.15℃, respectively. The mean absolute error offset, root mean square error and correlation coefficient between the radiation errors given by the correction equation and the radiation errors given by the experiments field observation are 0.033℃, 0.028℃ and 0.703, respectively.

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楊杰,葛祥建,張道遠(yuǎn),劉清惓,丁仁惠,沈瑱,戴偉.用于氣象站的地表氣溫觀測儀器的設(shè)計與實(shí)驗研究.氣象科學(xué),2023,43(2):177-185 YANG Jie, GE Xiangjian, ZHANG Daoyuan, LIU Qingquan, DING Renhui, SHEN Zhen, DAI Wei. Design and experimental study of a surface temperature observation instrument used in meteorological station. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2023,43(2):177-185

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收稿日期:2021-01-26
最后修改日期:2021-07-16
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-05-20
出版日期: 2023-04-15

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