中國(guó)東北地區(qū)冬季冷空氣活動(dòng)特征研究

doi:10.12306/2021jms.0054

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中國(guó)東北地區(qū)冬季冷空氣活動(dòng)特征研究
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                        10.12306/2021jms.0054
                    
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中圖分類號(hào):P423;P467
基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(SQ2018YFC150042);中國(guó)氣象局沈陽(yáng)大氣環(huán)境研究所和遼寧省農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)害重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室項(xiàng)目(2019SYIAE07);遼寧省氣象局科研項(xiàng)目(BA202110)

Study on characteristics of cold air activities in winter over Northeast China

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摘要:

利用1961—2017年?yáng)|北地區(qū)164個(gè)氣象站逐日氣溫、最低溫度資料,按照《冷空氣過(guò)程監(jiān)測(cè)指標(biāo)》行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),建立東北地區(qū)中等強(qiáng)度冷空氣、強(qiáng)冷空氣和寒潮歷史數(shù)據(jù)集,采用氣象統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法分析了東北冬季氣溫、中等強(qiáng)度冷空氣、強(qiáng)冷空氣和寒潮年際、年代際變化特征。結(jié)果表明:東北地區(qū)冬季氣溫呈顯著上升趨勢(shì),趨勢(shì)系數(shù)為0.45,通過(guò)了α=0.01的顯著性檢驗(yàn),1960s最低,2010s達(dá)到最大值;東北地區(qū)冬季氣溫突變時(shí)間為1981年,突變前氣溫負(fù)距平為主,突變后氣溫波動(dòng)變化明顯;東北地區(qū)冬季冷空氣過(guò)程以寒潮為主,冷空氣出現(xiàn)日數(shù)、發(fā)生強(qiáng)度以12月最多、最強(qiáng);冷空氣趨勢(shì)變化不顯著,其中1961—1970強(qiáng)度最強(qiáng),2001—2010年最弱;東北地區(qū)冬季氣溫突變后冷空氣日數(shù)減少,強(qiáng)度減弱。

Abstract:

Based on the daily temperature and minimum temperature data of 164 meteorological stations in Northeast China from 1961 to 2017, in accordance with the "Cold Air Process Monitoring Indicators" of the People's Republic of China, a historical data set of medium-intensity cold air, strong cold air and cold waves in Northeast China was established. Statistical methods were used to analyze the interannual and interdecadal changes of northeast winter temperature, medium-intensity cold air, strong cold air and cold waves. Results show that the winter temperature in Northeast China shows a significant upward trend, with a trend coefficient of 0.45, which passed the 99% confidence test. It was the lowest in the 1960s and reached the maximum in the 2010s. The sudden change of winter temperature in Northeast China was 1981. Before the sudden change, the temperature was mainly negative anomalies. After the sudden change, the temperature fluctuated significantly. The cold air process in Northeast China is dominated by cold waves. The number of days and intensity of cold air are the most and strongest in December; the trend of cold air does not change significantly, with the strongest intensity from 1961 to 1970 and the weakest from 2001 to 2010. After the sudden change of temperature in winter in Northeast China, the number of cold air days decreased and the intensity weakened.

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胡春麗,焦敏,李菲,李輯,周曉宇.中國(guó)東北地區(qū)冬季冷空氣活動(dòng)特征研究.氣象科學(xué),2023,43(3):420-426 HU Chunli, JIAO Min, LI Fei, LI Ji, ZHOU Xiaoyu. Study on characteristics of cold air activities in winter over Northeast China. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2023,43(3):420-426

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收稿日期:2021-01-09
最后修改日期:2021-06-20
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-07-27
出版日期: 2023-06-15

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