海南島冬季暴雨的時(shí)空分布及大尺度環(huán)流場(chǎng)特征分析

doi:10.12306/2022jms.0033

首頁 > 過刊瀏覽>2023年第43卷第5期 >589-599. DOI:10.12306/2022jms.0033

海南島冬季暴雨的時(shí)空分布及大尺度環(huán)流場(chǎng)特征分析
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                        10.12306/2022jms.0033
                    
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中圖分類號(hào):P458.1+21.1
基金項(xiàng)目:海南省自然科學(xué)基金高層次人才項(xiàng)目（422RC803）；廣東省重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域研發(fā)計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目（2020B1111200001）；國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（42230105）

Analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution and large-scale circulation characteristics of winter heavy rainfall in Hainan Island

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利用海南島氣象觀測(cè)站逐日降水整編資料和歐洲中期天氣預(yù)報(bào)中心（European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts，ECMWF） ERA5再分析資料，分析了1991—2020年海南島冬季暴雨的時(shí)空分布及環(huán)流特征。結(jié)果表明：海南島冬季暴雨在月際分布（12月—次年2月）上存在較大差異性，降雨量級(jí)越大，差異越明顯；在空間分布上也存在顯著的地域性，東部地區(qū)發(fā)生頻次最高，總體上呈現(xiàn)東多西少的分布特征。海南島冬季暴雨的水汽輸送主要以偏東方向?yàn)橹?，氣流來自副高南?cè)的偏東氣流和大陸冷高壓東南側(cè)的東北氣流。海南島冬季暴雨發(fā)生期間，相對(duì)氣候平均態(tài)而言，偏東低空急流較為強(qiáng)勁，中南半島南支槽形態(tài)明顯，副高偏北偏西偏強(qiáng)，南亞高壓西北向的出流偏強(qiáng)，且南海海域存在顯著的海溫正距平。

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Based on the daily precipitation data from surface observations and the ERA5 reanalysis of the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF), the spatiotemporal distribution and circulation characteristics of winter heavy rainfall in Hainan Island from 1991 to 2020 are analyzed. Results show that the inter-monthly (December-February) distribution of winter heavy rainfall in Hainan differ markedly, namely, the greater the rainfall intensity, the more obvious is the difference. We also found a distinct regional variation with the highest frequency of rainfall occurrence in the eastern region and much less in the western region. This is attributable to the water vapor transport into Hainan Island that is mainly from the easterly flow in the southern portion of the subtropical high and the northeasterly flow in the southeast of the continental cold high. As compared with the regional climate, the occurrence of winter heavy rainfall in Hainan Island is characterized with a stronger easterly low-level jet, a more obvious southern trough structure over the Indo-China peninsula, a fairly strong subtropical high, and a stronger outflow of the South Asian high to the northwest as well as a significant positive SST anomaly in the South China Sea.

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曾敏,王詠青,馮文.海南島冬季暴雨的時(shí)空分布及大尺度環(huán)流場(chǎng)特征分析.氣象科學(xué),2023,43(5):589-599 ZENG Min, WANG Yongqing, FENG Wen. Analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution and large-scale circulation characteristics of winter heavy rainfall in Hainan Island. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2023,43(5):589-599

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收稿日期:2022-02-18
最后修改日期:2022-04-24
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-01-23
出版日期: 2023-10-15

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